Neuroanatomical Characteristics of Japanese Dyslexic Children

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  • Hashimoto Teruo
    Division of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University.
  • Higuchi Hiroki
    NTT Communication Science, Innovation Communication Laboratory
  • Uno Akira
    Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba
  • Taki Yasuyuki
    Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University
  • Kawashima Ryuta
    Division of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University.

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  • 日本語話者における発達性読み書き障害児の脳形態の特徴

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Abstract

<p>  Neural underpinnings of developmental dyslexia have been examined in many countries, however, those in Japanese have been less investigated. This study examined a unique population of Japanese children with dyslexia. As is customary in Japan, these children have learned two distinct writing systems. Neuroanatomical characteristics of children with Japanese developmental dyslexia were compared with those children with typical development. Twenty-two developmental dyslexia and 49 typical development boys aged 7 to 14 were participated. Dyslexic children were diagnosed based on their reading and cognitive-behavioral tests. They showed poor reading performance and deficits in some cognitive abilities including visual, phonological, and automatic processing. Three-dimensional, high-resolution, T1-weighted images were collected using 3-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) . Both regional gray and white matter volumes were examined with voxel-based morphometry analysis. Dyslexic children showed reduced regional white matter volumes in cerebro-cerebellar regions compare to children with typical development while no significant group differences were observed in regional gray matter volumes. These results suggested reduced structural connectivity in cerebro-cerebellar regions might be involved in Japanese developmental dyslexia.</p>

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