A study on the relationship between Axis I and Axis II diagnoses of DC/TMD: A cross-sectional survey of dental students

DOI
  • UCHIDA Takashi
    Nihon University Department of Oral Diagnostics, School of Dentistry at Matsudo
  • KOMIYAMA Osamu
    Nihon University Department of Oral Health Science, Division of Oral Function and Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry at Matsudo
  • IIDA Takashi
    Nihon University Department of Oral Health Science, Division of Oral Function and Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry at Matsudo
  • OKAMOTO Yasuhiro
    Nihon University Department of Oral Diagnostics, School of Dentistry at Matsudo
  • MURAMORI Juri
    Nihon University Department of Pathology, School of Dentistry at Matsudo
  • WAKAMI Masanobu
    Nihon University Department of Oral Health Science, Division of Oral Function and Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry at Matsudo

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Other Title
  • DC/TMDにおけるⅠ軸，Ⅱ軸診断の関連性の研究
  • ―歯科学生を対象としたスクリーニング調査―

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Abstract

<p>The Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) were determined by clinical examination (Axis I) and psychosocial examination (Axis II), but the relation between Axis I and Axis II has not been investigated. The purpose of this study was to clarify the correlation between Axis I and Axis II with a cross-sectional survey.</p><p>The subjects were 226 students in the fifth grade of Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo (144 males and 82 females, mean age 23.8±2.7). To make a diagnosis for DC/TMD Axis I, subjective symptoms (Yes: Patient (P) group or No: Normal (N) group) on the examination form and the number of tenderness points on palpation were used. As for Axis II, Oral Behavior Checklist (OBC), anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7: GAD-7) and depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9: PHQ-9) were used. The relation between Axis I and Axis II was examined.</p><p>A significantly larger number of women had subjective symptoms and tenderness points compared to men, but there was no gender difference in the other variables. There was a significant strong correlation (r = 0.745) between GAD-7 and PHQ-9, and a significant weak correlation (r = 0.322) between OBC and the number of tenderness points. The P group had a significantly higher number of tenderness points and PHQ-9 value compared to the N group. Significant odds ratio was found in the number of tenderness point, slight depression level judged by using PHQ-9, and positive answer in 5th question item of OBC as an independent variable with the presence of subjective symptom as a dependent variable.</p><p>These results suggest that there is a correlation between Axis I and Axis II diagnoses of DC/TMD in studies using dental students without or with slight symptoms of TMD.</p>

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