Gazing Over the Tourist Gaze

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Other Title
  • 「観光のまなざし」の先にあるもの
  • 「観光のまなざし」の先にあるもの : 後期観光と集合的自己をめぐる試論
  • 「 カンコウ ノ マナザシ 」 ノ サキ ニ アル モノ : コウキ カンコウ ト シュウゴウテキ ジコ オ メグル シロン
  • An Approach to Late Tourism and the Collective Self
  • 後期観光と集合的自己をめぐる試論

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Abstract

This paper aims to present the new ways of gazing at present-day tourism based on reflections upon the discussion provided by John Urry and Jonas Larsen’s The Tourist Gaze 3.0, published in 2011. From the viewpoint of the sociology of tourism, this study focuses on two points in the book: the new discussions added to the third edition and the revised discussions from the first and second editions. In the third edition of the book, the cases of ‘Tourism and Photography’ that were mostly included in Chapter 7, which discusses affordance, and performance was discussed in Chapter 8. These two chapters about affordance and performance played key roles in providing a new methodology for analysing the mobilities of tourism. In addition to the two chapters added to the third edition, the increase in discussions on the collective gaze and its variant, the mediated gaze, in the book reveal that the hermeneutic circle of the tourist gaze has become another key to understanding an emerging feature of present-day tourism. However, this paper is critical about the final chapter of the book because these key discussions mentioned above were left unfinished and the book switched to a macro-level framework of the Risk Society Theory (Ulrich Beck) of the Late Modern. In order to link the Late Modern Theory with Tourism Studies in an alternative way, this paper attempts to present new themes such as Late Tourism and the Collective Self. Its findings reveal that people living in the age of Late Tourism wish to be introspective and to gaze at their own inner selves, not at the world surrounding them. The self has become the last destination and ultimate attraction for tourists today.

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