Intestinal Organoids Generated from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

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  • Tsuruta Satoru
    Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan Centre for Regenerative Medicine, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
  • Uchida Hajime
    Transplantation Centre, National Centre for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
  • Akutsu Hidenori
    Centre for Regenerative Medicine, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan

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Abstract

<p>The gastrointestinal system is one of the most complex organ systems in the human body, and consists of numerous cell types originating from three germ layers. To understand intestinal development and homeostasis and elucidate the pathogenesis of intestinal disorders, including unidentified diseases, several in vitro models have been developed. Human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), including embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), have remarkable developmental plasticity and possess the potential for a wide variety of applications. Three-dimensional organs, termed organoids and produced in vitro by PSCs, contain not only epithelium but also mesenchymal tissue and partially recapitulate intestinal functions. Such intestinal organoids have begun to be applied in disease models and drug development and have contributed to a detailed analysis of molecular interactions and findings in the synergistic development of biomedicine for human digestive organs. In this review, we describe gastrointestinal organoid technology derived from PSCs and consider its potential applications.</p>

Journal

  • JMA Journal

    JMA Journal 3 (1), 9-19, 2020-01-15

    Japan Medical Association / The Japanese Associaiton of Medical Sciences

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