ショップハウスが構成する街区の居住特性

書誌事項

タイトル別名
  • HABITATION CHARACTERISTICS OF CITY BLOCKS CONSISTING OF SHOPHOUSES
  • ショップハウスが構成する街区の居住特性 : プノンペン(カンボジア)を事例として
  • ショップハウス ガ コウセイ スル ガイク ノ キョジュウ トクセイ : プノンペン(カンボジア)オ ジレイ ト シテ
  • A case study in Phnom Penh, Cambodia
  • プノンペン(カンボジア)を事例として

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抄録

<p> City blocks in the central district of Phnom Penh are composed of shophouses, defined as “shophouse blocks” in this study, fulfilled with mixed environment of inhabitants’ living and commercial activities. However, these blocks are in the process of reorganization due to redevelopment by plottage of multiple shophouses. It is concerned that current movement will resulted in the loss of built environment by unifying varied use of shophouse blocks and diversity of inhabitants. Diversity is one of a key to the sustainability of city blocks commonly regarded as a modern issue both in developing and developed countries.</p><p> This study aims to clarify habitation characteristics of shophouse blocks utilizing a data base obtained from large scale interview surveys focusing on proximity of home and workplace and diversity of households. It also intends to overcome a limitation of previous studies on shophouse which could not verify such characteristics of shophouse blocks in a relative manner amongst the entire city. The results of this study are summarized as follows:</p><p> </p><p> 1) An inhabitants’ cluster named “settle in residents/ residential zone”, where people stay in their home or their residential area long time, belongs to the largest group in city centers consisting of shophouse blocks; however, this cluster also dominate in other areas as well. Another cluster named “intermediate”, where the people take middle-range trip and stay their home or their residential area in a certain amount of time, is the second largest cluster in the city center. Comparing with other areas, it cannot be said that the living pattern characterized by proximity of home and workplace is a dominant pattern in shophouse blocks;</p><p> 2) There are three factors which affects trip length of inhabitants in shophouse blocks, that is, a) number of vehicles owned by household, b) occupation and c) coincident with home and workplace. Amongst these factors, the third factor has the strongest impact which makes the inhabitants less outgoing and take shorter trip length;</p><p> 3) Inhabitants who works at their home are distributed to the ground floor, especially the outer edge of shophouse blocks, and less observed on the upper floors. Due to the characteristics of their living pattern, different range of living sphere are formulated in “ground floor at outer edge of city blocks”, “ground floor at inside of city blocks” and “upper floors”; and</p><p> 4) Spatial distribution of household types does not have significant difference both in vertically and horizontally direction in shophouse blocks. On the other hand, high income households are distributed to the ground floor and the outer edge of shophouse blocks whereas the share of low income households tends to increase on upper floors.</p><p> </p><p> These results indicates several characteristics of shophouse blocks, that is, a) shophouse blocks have three different living spheres in “ground floor/ outer edge of block – ground floor/ inside block – upper floors”, b) diversity of household types characterized by even distribution of varied household types across the entire blocks and hierarchy of household income distribution in vertical direction, and c) shophouse has flexibility to fit into variety of residents’ living needs and life stage which contribute to maintain sustainability of shophouse blocks.</p>

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