Comparative toxicity of seven neonicotinoid insecticides and their two metabolites to juveniles of the marine crustacean kuruma prawn (Marsupenaeus japonicas)

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  • Hano Takeshi
    National Research Institute of Fisheries and Environment of Inland Sea, Fisheries Research and Education Agency
  • Ohkubo Nobuyuki
    National Research Institute of Fisheries and Environment of Inland Sea, Fisheries Research and Education Agency
  • Ito Mana
    National Research Institute of Fisheries and Environment of Inland Sea, Fisheries Research and Education Agency
  • Onduka Toshimitsu
    National Research Institute of Fisheries and Environment of Inland Sea, Fisheries Research and Education Agency
  • Ito Katsutoshi
    National Research Institute of Fisheries and Environment of Inland Sea, Fisheries Research and Education Agency
  • Sakaji Hideo
    National Research Institute of Fisheries and Environment of Inland Sea, Fisheries Research and Education Agency

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  • Comparative toxicity of seven neonicotinoid insecticides and their two metabolites to juveniles of the marine crustacean kuruma prawn (<i>Marsupenaeus japonicas</i>)

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<p>This study was performed to investigate the toxicological effects of seven neonicotinoid insecticides and their two metabolites on juvenile (approximate total length of 10-15 mm) kuruma prawn Marsupenaeus japonicas, settled in estuary areas for nursery establishment. Following neonicotinoid insecticide treatment for 96 h under semi-static exposure, the effective concentration (mean 96 h-EC50 with 95% credible intervals in parenthesis) was 31 (25-37) μg/L, 14 (9.0-18) μg/L, 530 (410-660) μg/L, 50 (36-63) μg/L, 490 (270-720) μg/L, 20 (11-29) μg/L, and 940 (420-1500) μg/L, for acetamiprid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, nitenpyram, thiacloprid and thiamethoxam, respectively. IM-2-1, a metabolite of acetamiprid and IC-O, a metabolite of neonicotinoid insecticides with chloronicotinic group had 96 h-EC50 of 1300 (1100-1500) μg/L and >12000 μg/L, respectively. These results indicate the substantial variation in the toxicity of the insecticides to the crustacean species and the correlation of their magnitude with the logarithm of the octanol water partition coefficient (Log Kow). Furthermore, for some insecticides, molting frequency significantly decreased with increasing concentrations, implying that the insecticide delayed molting of the organism. In summary, the present study provides the first demonstration that neonicotinoid insecticides adversely affect kuruma prawn and that two metabolites were less toxic than the parent compounds. Future research will be necessary to investigate marine contamination of the insecticides, especially in estuaries.</p>

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