Osteogenesis-Related Gene Expression on Alkali-Modified NANOZR and Titanium Surfaces with Nanonetwork Structures

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  • Komasa Satoshi
    Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Occlusion, Osaka Dental University
  • Nishizaki Mariko
    Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Occlusion, Osaka Dental University
  • Kusumoto Tetsuji
    Department of Oral Health Engineering, Osaka Dental University Japan Faculty of Health Sciences
  • Terada Chisato
    Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Occlusion, Osaka Dental University
  • Derong Yin
    Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Occlusion, Osaka Dental University
  • Kawamoto Akiyo
    Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Osaka Dental University
  • Yamamoto Satsuki
    Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Occlusion, Osaka Dental University
  • Yoshimine Shigeki
    Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Occlusion, Osaka Dental University
  • Nishizaki Hiroshi
    Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Occlusion, Osaka Dental University
  • Shimizu Hideo
    Osaka University
  • Okazaki Joji
    Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Occlusion, Osaka Dental University
  • Kawazoe Takayoshi
    Osaka Dental University

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Dental implants are often used to replace missing teeth, for aesthetic and practical purposes. The most common material used for dental implants is titanium, which has been used for over 40 years. New ceramic materials and composites have been developed to replace titanium-based dentures. However, these materials can suffer from discoloration, degradation, failure, and cause allergic reactions in patients. Recent studies have shown that the surface of the material plays a significant role on its stability and osseointegration. In this study, we modified the surface of a ceria-stabilized tetragonal ZrO2 polycrystalline ceramic-based nanostructured zirconia/alumina composite (NANOZR) material and titanium-based materials, and evaluated their osteoblast response including the gene expression of rat bone marrow cells on their surface. Modification of the NANOZR and titanium implant surface by alkali treatment promoted osteogenic gene expression. The increase in the osteogenic gene expression was attributed to the change in the mechanical and chemical surface properties. The findings indicate nanotopographical surface modifications can improve the osseointegration of zirconium-based implants.

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