韓国ソンミサン・マウルの活動展開における組織派生の意義

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  • STUDY ON THE SIGNIFICANCE OF DERIVATION BETWEEN COMMUNITY-BASED ORGANIZATIONS AS SEEN FROM DEVELOPMENT HISTORY OF SUNGMI-SAN VILLAGE IN SOUTH KOREA
  • カンコク ソンミサン ・ マウル ノ カツドウ テンカイ ニ オケル ソシキ ハセイ ノ イギ

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<p> In South Korea, the “Sungmi-san Village Community” has been attracting attention because of its self-generating and diverse activities by various stakeholders. However, in recent years some organizations have been suspended due to gentrification, and new ideas are needed for sustainable activities. Therefore, this study concentrates on their network. When we consider that Sungmi-san Community does not have any organization to supervise or manage whole community, it is very important to understand and use network built for more than 20 years. And it might be an important clue to solve the problem.</p><p> The purpose of this study is to give insight for the overall picture of the current Sungmi-san community network. To achieve the above-mentioned purposes, the following objectives are set: First, summarizing the overall development of the "Sungmi-san Village" activities, and clarifying the changes of activity contents and meaning in every period. Second, identifying the organizational method to associate with other existing-organizations in establishing process. and considering the role and function of derivation method for each organization. Third, revealing that the entire network has evolved by methods to involve existing organizations in the establishment process of new organizations.</p><p> In this study, 60 organizations were surveyed. And organizational derivation method is classified into 6 patterns and 5 patterns is considered.</p><p> From the number of organizations and activities, each community development stage can be identified as follows: Development of educational institutions from 1994 to 1999. Deeper connection with the community from 2000 to 2003. Expansion of fields from 2004 to 2010. Development of community support organizations from 2018 to the present. Among them, 2007~2009 was a distinctive period when many organizations were established.</p><p> The five organizational derivation patterns analyzed had the following purposes or roles in each organizational activity: (i) The independence of an attached organization or project from an existing organization was the result of the development in the new fields of activity and the growth and stabilization of the business. (ii) An existing organization leads establishment process of a new organization and other organizations assist it. It can be considered as the development and practice of issues or result of discussions about problem within the organization. (iii) Three or more existing organizations cooperates equally to establish a new organization in order to solve the problems from outside of organization, develop new fields, and get synergy effect in between similar organizations.</p><p> Combining the above result with the development process of community, the following findings were found. (i)The network was developed by repeating of derivation pattern in which independence of an attached organization or project from an existing organization and cooperation of three or more organizations. (ii)Organization was promoted especially in the problem situation. In particular, many external organizations are involved in cooperation pattern of three or more organizations. By this the community tried to find new supporters and players to solve the problems.</p><p> In short, many organizations, including external organizations, collaborate to try to correct their internal organizational trajectory or solve problems of external elements, meanwhile supporting the establishment and independence of attached organizations and projects to extend community fields. It was also very clear that Sungmi Mt. protection movement which were done twice and the gentrification issue, promoted establishment of new organizations.</p>

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