統合設計プロセスにおけるパッシブデザイン評価手法の検討

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書誌事項

タイトル別名
  • EVALUATION METHOD OF PASSIVE DESIGN ON INTEGRATIVE DESIGN PROCESS
  • 統合設計プロセスにおけるパッシブデザイン評価手法の検討 : Thermal Autonomyの適用による自然換気性能評価
  • トウゴウ セッケイ プロセス ニ オケル パッシブデザイン ヒョウカ シュホウ ノ ケントウ : Thermal Autonomy ノ テキヨウ ニ ヨル シゼン カンキ セイノウ ヒョウカ
  • Evaluation of natural ventilation performance applying thermal autonomy
  • Thermal Autonomyの適用による自然換気性能評価

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<p> Natural ventilation is an essential component in sustainable building designs. However, it remains difficult to incorporate the system successfully because the utilizable amounts of ambient energy resources differ according to project conditions such as ambient climates. Moreover, lack of a quantitative metric that could encourage an architect to design a proper plan and façade for natural ventilation at the schematic design stage is being recognized as a barrier to successful achievement of natural ventilation. An inappropriate architectural plan and façade would make it impossible to make thorough considerations for successful implementation of natural ventilation at the later design stages. To encourage even architects without special expertise in natural ventilation, a simple metric should be utilized to evaluate the achieved design level intuitively and rationally. Against this background, an evaluation method utilizing a simple metric, Thermal Autonomy, is discussed for a passive design integration at an early stage of building design in this paper.</p><p> The practicality of the proposed metric is examined through parametric building energy simulations and analyses. Thermal autonomy is originally defined as “the percent of occupied time over a year where a thermal zone meets or exceeds a given set of thermal comfort acceptability criteria through passive means only.7)” In this definition, ASHRAE -55 Adaptive Comfort Standard is used as the thermal comfort acceptability criteria. However, the standard can be applied to a naturally ventilated building without cooling and heating system. In Japan, the HVAC system is basically installed, then the definition should be modified to adapt this method for building designs in Japan. The averaged lower and upper indoor temperature limits through actual operations among buildings with natural ventilation system, 21C° and 27C°, are used. The results obtained through the case study are as follows:</p><p> • An appropriate ventilation volume, not a plenty of ventilation volume, is necessary to improve the level of thermal autonomy, because excessive heat release due to excessive outdoor air intake could deteriorate the index level. As a result, the method can be utilized to find an appropriate natural ventilation performance, whereas cooling and heating loads for HVAC design can’t be used because it increases in proportion to the ventilation volume.</p><p> • The index can be utilized to find an appropriate operation setting of vent, e.g. a lower outdoor temperature limit, because the deterioration of thermal autonomy can be avoided by adjusting them.</p><p> • Appropriate thermal insulation level can also be evaluated, because it affects the level of thermal autonomy. The higher thermal insulation level can improve the index level, because it can contribute to keep the thermal comfort level within the acceptable range mainly during winter season while the natural ventilation system is not operated. On the other hand, lower insulation level could be the better solutions when heat load alone is used for the evaluation. The lower the insulation level is, the more the heat release through façade occurs during intermediate season. It decreases the cooling load due to excessive internal heat load.</p><p> • As a result, the case study concludes that thermal autonomy is effective to realize a successful natural ventilation implementation, especially at the early stage of building design when natural ventilation plan and thermal insulation level are usually discussed.</p>

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