Construction and maintenance of a knowledge database to promote the cancer genome medicine

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  • KOHSAKA Shinji
    Section of Knowledge Integration, Center for Cancer Genomics and Advanced Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute
  • KOYAMA Takafumi
    Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital
  • SUNAMI Kuniko
    Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital
  • SHIMOI Tatsunori
    Department of Breast and Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital
  • SHIBATA Taro
    Section of Knowledge Integration, Center for Cancer Genomics and Advanced Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Biostatistics Division, Center for Research Administration and Support, National Cancer Center

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Other Title
  • がんゲノム医療の推進に向けた知識データベース構築と維持
  • ガン ゲノム イリョウ ノ スイシン ニ ムケタ チシキ データベース コウチク ト イジ

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Abstract

<p>A large step toward personalized cancer medicine was taken in June 2019, when gene panel testing was approved for the national health insurance. Accordingly, we have now entered an age where physicians can determine treatments for individual patients by analyzing tumor genome sequences.</p><p>The process of “clinical interpretation,” interpretation of gene variants, and annotation of evidence level is essential for providing proper treatment based on an interpretation of the genes identified via gene panel testing. Expert panels have been organized at cancer genome center hospitals and core hospitals throughout Japan to discuss the results of such tests, while considering the condition of individual patients.</p><p>The Center for Cancer Genomics and Advanced Therapeutics (C-CAT) provides expert panel C-CAT findings, a report summary of clinical trials, medicines, and marker evidence to attach clinical significance to variants found by cancer panel testing performed by clinical laboratories.</p><p>The Cancer Knowledge Database (CKDB) was developed by collecting, standardizing, and integrating information regarding marker evidence, anti-cancer therapies, and clinical trials. Using the CKDB, a reporting system was constructed to generate C-CAT findings. A CKDB-portal was also developed to search, support inquiries, and curate the knowledge stored in the CKDB.</p><p>Moreover, a curator team comprising roughly 25 clinical oncologists and specialists from various clinical departments was organized to maintain the system via a monthly updating of data from clinical trials, medicines, and marker evidence.</p><p>C-CAT findings support expert panels by providing information on the newest evidence, anti-cancer therapies, and clinical trials, resulting in a uniform and efficient promotion of genome medicine. Furthermore, the promotion of clinical trials will stimulate new drug development in Japan, leading to the discovery of evidence and contributing to great progress in cancer medicine.</p>

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