A Categorizing the Motivations of Elderly with Disabilities in need of Nursing Care Unit for Physical Activity Using the Narrative Camera Method

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Background: Health care for the cerebrovascular disease is important in institutionalized populations as well. Few existing studies have reported on the relationship between reasons for behavior and the amount of physical activity in institutionalized elderly with disabilities. We aimed to document the types of motivations for these activities along with behavioral observation methods for physical activity. We used a newly developed narrative camera method to classify the motivations of the elderly with disabilities in elderly care facilities when they perform physical activities with reproducibility of the process. 　Purpose: To categorize the motivations of the elderly with disabilities in need of the Nursing care unit for physical activity through text mining of verbatim recordings of 24-hour time-lapse images and sequential listening data. Subjects and Methods: The research design was a cross-sectional, observational study. The target population consisted of elderly people aged 75 years or older who were residing in a long-term care health care facility. Inclusion criteria were: cerebrovascular disease or musculoskeletal disease, the inclusion of at least 5 days of supine and sedentary time in a year or more than 5 days of a day that exceeded standing time, disorientation, the ability to stand, and the ability to perform the physical activity was recorded for 24 hours using a camera with time-lapse function (recolo IR7; King Jim) that took pictures once every 30 seconds. The auditory recordings were compared with the image recordings, and the reasons and motivations for the physical activity were created by creating phrases with target events and verbs, and the frequency of these phrases was counted. These phrases were categorized as reasons for the activity, either as physiological or non-physiological events. Furthermore, the reasons for the activity were classified as preference or non-preference, and if they belonged to neither, they were judged to be intermediate factors. Results: The most frequent motivation for physical activity was for urination. The second most frequent motivation was to enhance pleasure, the third was to defecate, and the fourth was to obtain information. Physical activity by these four factors accounted for 52% of the daytime structure time. The backward classification of preference and non-preference was not completed, with exceptions. Conclusion: Physical activity was found to withstand a backward analysis when classified as physiological need-based or non-physiological need-based activities based on the reason for the activity in question. The classification based on preference and non-preference reasons warranted further investigation, as there were reasons to satisfy both.

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