WHAT IS THE ENDURANCE OF THE TOWN DAMAGED BY THE NUCLEAR ACCIDENT?

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  • KUBOTA Aya
    Dept. of Urban Engineering, Faculty of Engineering The University of Tokyo

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Other Title
  • 原発被害のまちの存続とは何か？
  • 原発被害のまちの存続とは何か? : 事例研究 : 浪江町における町外コミュニティの様相
  • ゲンパツ ヒガイ ノ マチ ノ ソンゾク トワ ナニ カ? : ジレイ ケンキュウ : ナミエマチ ニ オケル マチ ガイ コミュニティ ノ ヨウソウ
  • Case Study: Aspects of out-of-town community of Namie Town
  • 事例研究：浪江町における町外コミュニティの様相

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Abstract

<p> Eight years have passed since the Great East Japan Earthquake. The nuclear accident in Fukushima has forced planners to consider the following question for the first time. What is the endurance of disaster town in the event of a nuclear accident? The paper clarifies how to think about that through the case study on Namie Town. This question requires a new framework to consider because there are not so many cases and also this is a very historical event. That is the reason why the framework composes following three points.</p><p> 1. Endurance: local merchants, the mayor and residents who became the victim considered how the town could endure for the prolonged evacuation term, not 'build back better'. In that context, the discussion on villages is very useful and suggestive. A unit, which has an intentionality of endurance should be focused on.</p><p> 2. Town, downtown, neighborhood: the word 'town' includes at least two different meanings. One is a municipality and the other is a community.</p><p> 3. Counterfactual thinking: many plans were not realized because of various reasons. Because the current situations at Fukushima disaster area face so many difficulties, to salvage those plans or discussions or concepts should have significant meanings.</p><p> Through interviews and reviewing reports of plans and discussions, the process of the out-of-town communities is clarified. At the beginning, it was very clear that the out-of-town community should be built. However, the mayor and most local residents began to feel that it might become obstacles for return against the fiscal entrenchment under a very severe degenerate trend. That is the reason why they chose the return policy by using the financial support from the central government.</p><p> On the other hand, an organization based on the store association could get a support from researchers and made a plan of the out-of-town community. One of the core members considers that the essence of the town is the whole relationship among Namie people. Even if they cannot return immediately, to enduring the life together based on downtown with greetings will keep the Namie community. In the future, they will return together. The group could find a good place and get the consent of the land owners and host municipality. But the mayor did not accept it. As a result, the realized out-of-town communities are a few shops with public housing sites and some community center which was established by the refugee themselves.</p><p> The nuclear accident is pollution caused by the country and the national policy. The disaster area and people should be fully compensated. If the town can act to pursue two ways, namely the care of the original town and the construction of the out-of-town community, the current situation may be changed.</p><p> Planners should consider a town planning which can afford the endurance for the prolonged evacuation term after the nuclear accident.</p>

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