2011年産業連関表による資源消費原単位の算出と建築物の資源生産性評価

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  • INTENSITIES OF RESOURCE CONSUMPTION BASED ON 2011 INPUT-OUTPUT TABLE AND EVALUATION OF RESOURCE PRODUCTIVITY OF BUILDINGS
  • 2011ネン サンギョウ レンカンヒョウ ニ ヨル シゲン ショウヒ ゲン タンイ ノ サンシュツ ト ケンチクブツ ノ シゲン セイサンセイ ヒョウカ

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<p> In this study, the intensities of resource consumption were calculated as a database for evaluating resource consumption in the building industry based on the 2011 Input-Output Table for Japan. The following conclusions were drawn:</p><p> 1) The intensities of resource consumption were calculated to determine "input of natural resources etc. by equivalent conversion of primary resources (RMI: Raw Material Input)”, considering the overseas extension effects of manufacturing imported resources and products. These intensities included 11 resources and 393 industrial sectors and were indicated per consumer price in units of one million yen.</p><p> 2) The coefficients of raw material equivalent (RME) for obtaining RMI was based on EUROSAT data.</p><p> 3) The RMI associated with Japanese construction in 2011 accounted for 13.0% of the RMI of all industries and 43.6% of that of the entire construction sector including civil engineering.</p><p> 4) The resource consumption per floor area of the entire building was 1,355 kg/m2 on an RMI basis and 1,019 kg/m2 on a direct material input (DMI) basis, and the overseas extension effect was estimated to be about 33%.</p><p> 5) The RMI of metal resources was 2 to 40 times larger than the DMI because of metal resources were imported. In contrast, the majority of soil and stone resources were not imported, and hence, the difference between RMI and DMI was small. In addition, energy resources were predominantly imported, so the difference was large about 1.3 to 2.1 times. For biological resources, the difference was 1.5 times larger for wood, owing to the import of wood products.</p><p> 6) In terms of building structure, non-wooden buildings consumed large amounts of soil and stone resources and metal resources because concrete, steel bars and steel frames were used. In contrast, wood-based construction consumed more wood than non-wood-based construction.</p><p> 7) “Resource productivity by industrial sector” for the four construction sectors was calculated. The resource productivity of overall construction was about 56, 000 yen/t, significantly less than the overall 387,800 yen/t for all sectors in Japan. Residential construction (wooden) sector had the highest resource productivity, followed by the non-residential (wooden) sector and the non-residential (non-wooden) sector.</p><p> 8) Resource productivity by industrial sector is meaningless when compared with other industries, and is suitable for comparing trends in the same sector. It is an effective index for evaluating trends in the building sector.</p><p> 9) In the future, resource productivity in the building industry will be calculated using resource productivity in terms of “RMI (primary resource equivalent equivalent)” as an evaluation index, and calculating intensities of resource consumption for other ages. In addition, we would like to evaluate the resource productivity of individual buildings and consider measures to construct buildings with high resource productivity.</p>

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