Functional assessment of the gluteus medius, cranial part of the biceps femoris, and vastus lateralis in Beagle dogs based on a novel gait phase classification

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  • YOSHIKAWA Kazuyuki
    Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
  • TSUBAKISHITA Sae
    Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
  • SANO Tadashi
    Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
  • INO Takumi
    Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, Hokkaido 006-8585, Japan
  • MIYASAKA Tomoya
    Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, Hokkaido 006-8585, Japan
  • KITAZAWA Takio
    Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan

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<p>In humans, walking analysis based on the gait phase classification has been used for interpretation of functional roles of different movements occurring at individual joints, and it is useful for establishing a rehabilitation plan. However, there have been few reports on canine gait phase classification, and this is one of the reasons for preventing progress in canine rehabilitation. In this study, we determined phases of the canine gait cycle (GC) on the basis of the phase classification for human gait. The canine GC was able to be divided into initial contact (IC) and the following 5 phases: loading response (LR), middle stance (MidSt), pre-swing (PSw), early swing (ESw), and late swing (LSw). Next, the hind limb joint angles of the hip, stifle and tarsal joints and results of surface electromyography of the gluteus medius (GM), cranial part of the biceps femoris (CBF) and vastus lateralis (VL) muscles in relation to the gait phases were analyzed. The activities of three muscles showed similar changes during walking. The muscle activities were high in the LR phase and then declined and reached a minimum in the PSw phase, but they increased and reached a peak in the LSw phase, which was followed by the LR phase. In conclusion, the multiphasic canine GC was developed by modification of the human model, and the GC phase-related changes in the muscle activity and joint angles suggested the functions of GM, CBF and VL muscles in walking.</p>

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