Relationships of Alcohol Consumption with Coronary Risk Factors and Macro- and Micro-Nutrient Intake in Japanese People: The INTERLIPID Study

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  • MATSUMOTO-YAMAUCHI Hiromi
    Center for Epidemiologic Research in Asia, Shiga University of Medical Science
  • KONDO Keiko
    Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science
  • MIURA Katsuyuki
    Center for Epidemiologic Research in Asia, Shiga University of Medical Science Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science
  • TANAKA-MIZUNO Sachiko
    Department of Medical Statistics, Shiga University of Medical Science
  • SEGAWA Hiroyoshi
    Center for Epidemiologic Research in Asia, Shiga University of Medical Science
  • OHNO Seiko
    Department of Bioscience and Genetics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute
  • MIYAGAWA Naoko
    Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science International Center for Nutrition and Information, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition
  • ZAID Maryam
    Center for Epidemiologic Research in Asia, Shiga University of Medical Science Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University
  • OKAMI Yukiko
    Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science
  • OKUDA Nagako
    Department of Health and Nutrition, University of Human Arts and Sciences
  • NAKAGAWA Hideaki
    Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University
  • SAKATA Kiyomi
    Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Iwate Medical University
  • SAITOH Shigeyuki
    School of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University
  • OKAYAMA Akira
    Research Institute of Strategy for Prevention
  • YOSHITA Katsushi
    Department of Food and Human Health Science, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Human Life Science
  • CHAN Queenie
    MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Imperial College London
  • MASAKI Kamal
    Department of Geriatric Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii and Kuakini Medical Center
  • ELLIOTT Paul
    MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Imperial College London
  • STAMLER Jeremiah
    Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University
  • UESHIMA Hirotsugu
    Center for Epidemiologic Research in Asia, Shiga University of Medical Science Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science
  • for the INTERLIPID Research Group

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Abstract

<p>Several studies have reported a J-shaped relationship between alcohol consumption and coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. However, the mechanisms of this relationship remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the relationships of alcohol consumption with established CHD risk factors and with macro-/micro-nutrient intake among Japanese people. Participants were 1,090 Japanese men and women aged 40–59 y enrolled in the INTERLIPID study, excluding former drinkers. Based on two 7-d alcohol records, participants were classified as non-drinkers (0 g/wk), light-drinkers (<100 g/wk), moderate-drinkers (100–299 g/wk), or heavy-drinkers (≥300 g/wk). Detailed macro-/micro-nutrient intake was evaluated using four in-depth 24-h dietary recalls and adjusted for total energy intake excluding alcohol. We analyzed the associations of CHD risk factors and nutrient intake with alcohol consumption. Serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and blood pressure were higher and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was lower among those with higher alcohol consumption. J-shaped relationships with alcohol consumption were observed for the proportion of current smokers, number of cigarettes smoked, and prevalence of hypertension; these risk factors were lowest among light-drinkers. Carbohydrate and total fiber intakes were lower and protein and dietary cholesterol intakes were higher among those with higher alcohol consumption. These associations were similar for men and women. Alcohol consumption was related to nutrient intake as well as established CHD risk factors. Non-drinkers were higher on some CHD risk factors than were light-drinkers. These findings may influence the J-shaped relationship between alcohol consumption and CHD risk.</p>

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