Positioning of Ability to Conceive Ideas to Be Explored from Subject-Objectives and Evaluation Perspective

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  • 教科目標と評価の観点から探る発想・構想力の位置付け
  • キョウカ モクヒョウ ト ヒョウカ ノ カンテン カラ サグル ハッソウ ・ コウソウリョク ノ イチズケ

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Abstract

<p>We have investigated and identified the elements and framework which the next generation of students will need to conceive ideas for solving difficult problems and resolving complex issues. As a first step, we focused on the “subject-objectives” and “evaluation perspectives” of learning evaluation for “Arts and Handicrafts” and “Art” of the post-World War II era and clarified the positioning of the ability to conceive ideas from the standpoints of subject-objectives evaluation and the learning evaluation. The phase was tentatively divided into four stages, and the appearance, positioning, and significance of “the ability of idea conception” were organized and examined. This revealed the following information about the appearance and upgrade of the ability to conceive ideas. 1) In contemporary society, confronted with conflicts and problems, emphasis has been placed on how to utilize knowledge and skills. 2) The focus has shifted not only to acquisition and understanding of knowledge and skills in subject content but also to emotional and cognitive aspects. 3) The method used for learning assessment has shifted from “norm-referenced evaluation” to “criterion-referenced evaluation.” 4) With the spread of formative evaluation, the process of idea conception has become more emphasized.</p>

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