Differential diagnosis of memory impairment in areas affected by a natural disaster:a case report

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  • Miyagawa Akemi
    Department of Disaster and Comprehensive Medicine, Fukushima Medical University Hibarigaoka Hospital
  • Kunii Yasuto
    Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University Department of Disaster Psychiatry, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University
  • Gotoh Daisuke
    Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University
  • Ito Masashi
    Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University
  • Itagaki Shuntaro
    Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University
  • Matsumoto Takatomo
    Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University
  • Kumakura Tetsuo
    Hibarigaoka Hospital
  • Yabe Hirooki
    Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University

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<p>We treated a man with a chief complaint of memory impairment after the Great East Japan Earthquake. Initially, he was diagnosed with dementia. However, after several tests, neither could a definitive diagnosis of dementia be reached, nor was there any apparent evidence for depression, epilepsy, delirium, or internal medicine diseases. During the earthquake, the patient experienced the severe trauma of watching his wife being swept away by a tsunami. Furthermore, he experienced separation from his family. Because of this traumatic experience, we suspected that dissociative disorder was involved in the development of the memory impairment and thus, we switched to treatments focusing on emotional support. Subsequently, the patient’s memory impairment gradually improved. The present case demonstrates the importance of considering dissociative disorders when examining a patient with memory impairment in areas affected by disasters.</p>

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