Association of Knee Extensor Muscle Strength and Cardiorespiratory Fitness With Bone Stiffness in Japanese Adults: A Cross-sectional Study
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- Ohta Takahisa
- Graduate School of Health and Sport Science, Nippon Sport Science University Yokohama Sports Medical Center Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
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- Nagashima Junzo
- Yokohama Sports Medical Center Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine
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- Fukuda Wataru
- Graduate School of Health and Sport Science, Nippon Sport Science University Yokohama Sports Medical Center Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
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- Sasai Hiroyuki
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
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- Ishii Naokata
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo
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Abstract
<p>Background: Knee extensor muscle strength and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are major components of physical fitness. Because the interactive association of knee extensor muscle strength and CRF with bone health remains unclear, we aimed to investigate such association in Japanese adults.</p><p>Methods: Altogether, 8,829 Japanese adults (3,731 men and 5,098 women) aged ≥45 years completed the maximum voluntary knee extension test, submaximal exercise test, medical examination, and a questionnaire on lifestyle habits. Using an osteo-sono assessment index, low bone stiffness tendency was defined as 80% under the young-adults mean. Multivariable odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated after confounder adjustment.</p><p>Results: Overall, 542 men (14.5%) and 978 women (19.2%) had low bone stiffness tendency. We observed an inverse association between muscle strength and low bone stiffness tendency after adjustment for CRF in both sexes (P for linear trend <0.001). Compared with the lowest CRF, the multivariable ORs for low bone stiffness tendency in the highest CRF were 0.47 (95% CI, 0.36–0.62) for men and 1.05 (95% CI, 0.82–1.35) for post-menopausal women (P < 0.001 and P = 0.704, respectively). No interactive association between muscle strength and CRF for low bone stiffness tendency existed in both sexes and irrespective of menopausal status.</p><p>Conclusion: Knee extensor muscle strength and CRF were associated additively, not synergistically, with bone health. Maintaining high levels of both physical fitness components may improve musculoskeletal health in the cohort. The relationship between physical fitness and bone status should be longitudinally investigated in the future.</p>
Journal
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- Journal of Epidemiology
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Journal of Epidemiology 32 (12), 543-550, 2022-12-05
Japan Epidemiological Association
