木造面材張り耐力壁における釘接合部性能の詳細検討

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  • DETAILED VERIFICATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF NAILED JOINTS IN THE PANEL SHEATHED SHEAR WALL
  • Comparing the behavior of small test specimens and full-scale walls and confirming compatibility of their results
  • 小試験体と実大壁の挙動の比較

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<p>Panel sheathed shear walls are widely used in Japanese wooden buildings as structural elements to resist seismic forces. Thus far, many experimental and theoretical studies have been conducted. In particular, the theoretical equation proposed by Murakami et al. has been adopted as one of guidelines for the structural calculation of these shear walls in Japan. As one of the testing methods for single nailed joints in Japan, a testing method was adopted to perform a the full-scale cyclic in-plane shear test of a panel sheathed shear wall and to calculate the results in reverse using the Murakami’s equation (hereafter, referred to as “the racking test”). Additionally, another testing method was proposed wherein compressive monotonic force was applied from above on a small rocket-shaped specimen composed of timber, nailed with panels on both sides (hereinafter, referred to as “rocket-type test”). However, there are few studies that compare the results of the two tests, and the correspondence between the results of the two tests is necessary for structural design of the sheathed wall based on the results of the rocket-type test. Racking tests were conducted with parameters, such as the species of frame, nail, nail space, and thickness of the panel(medium density fiberboard), and then rocket-type tests were conducted with materials cut from the specimens of the racking test. In comparison of the results of both tests, the initial stiffness value obtained in the rocket-type test was approximately twice that obtained in the racking test. Previously, the difference between cyclic and monotonic tests was usually suggested to be the cause for this difference in initial stiffness. However, one previous study suggested that this may not be the only cause. We pointed out three new causes. The first is the anisotropy of the performance of the nailed joint due to the fiber direction. The Murakami equation assumes that the performance of the nailed joint does not differ in the grain direction. However, additional rocket-type tests demonstrated that the stiffness perpendicular to the grain was approximately a half of that in the parallel to the grain. The second is the asymmetric deformation caused by the rotation of the wall body and the concomitant prior yielding of some joints. The Murakami equation assumes that the deformations of the nailed joints were point-symmetrical; however, the experimental results showed that the deformation of the nailed joints to the one side of the column loaded compressively and the sill was large. The elasto-plastic frame analysis revealed that this asymmetric deformation becomes more pronounced as the rotation of the wall body increases, and that the apparent stiffness is reduced by the prior yielding of those nailed joints. The third is the variation in the performance of the nailed joints. Using the same analytical model, a Monte Carlo simulation was performed considering the variation in the performance of the nailed joints. As a result, it was found that the higher the variability of the performance of the nailed joints, the lower the apparent stiffness. We modified Murakami’s equation to take these factors into account, and the results of the racking test were reevaluated. Consequently, the results of both tests were somewhat close to each other and the possibility that the results of rocket-type test could be applied to the design of the sheathed wall was presented.</p>

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