Functional Traits Divergence in Parallelly Evolved Rheophytic Populations of <i>Solidago virgaurea </i>L. Complex (Asteraceae) in Japan

• Sakaguchi Shota

  Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University

• Abe Atsushi

  Okinawa Churashima Research Center

• Nagasawa Koki

  Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University

• Takahashi Daiki

  Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University

• Setoguchi Hiroaki

  Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University

• Maki Masayuki

  Botanical Gardens, Tohoku University

• Kyan Ryuta

  Botanical Gardens, Tohoku University

• Nishino Takako

  Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University

• Ishikawa Naoko

  Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo

• Hirota Shun K.

  Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University

• Suyama Yoshihisa

  Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University

• Ito Motomi

  Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo

Abstract

Repeated adaptation to similar environments can lead to divergence of phenotypes in different populations. Such evolutionary changes sometimes result in incongruence between morphology and molecular phylogeny, for which careful biological investigation is required. Natural phenotypic variation in rheophytic populations of the Solidago virgaurea L. complex (Asteraceae), which evolved multiple times from ancestral dryland forms in Japan, are here reported. Common garden experiments and population genetic analysis were used to evaluate the extent to which parallelly evolved rheophytes diverged in morphological, phenological and genotypic features to understand their complex evolutionary history. Significant divergence among rheophytic populations was detected in multiple traits, even in leaf morphological traits, which are similarly subjected to purifying selection by water pressure in riparian habitats. Whereas most of the variation were attributed to differences between specific pairs of populations, flowering phenology showed latitudinal variation, which likely evolved along a large-scale environmental cline. Multivariate analysis revealed that at least the population on Okinawa Isl., at the edge of the range of the species, is phenotypically distinguishable from rheophytic populations on the main islands. Phylogenetic analysis also suggested that the Okinawan rheophytes are genetically isolated from parapatric dryland populations. Based on the evidence, the Okinawan rheophytic plants are recognized as specifically distinct and are described as Solidago yambaruensis S. Sakaguchi & Mot. Ito.

Journal

• Acta phytotaxonomica et geobotanica

  Acta phytotaxonomica et geobotanica 72 (2), 93-111, 2021-06-30

  The Japanese Society for Plant Systematics

Keywords

• Asteraceae
• common garden experiment
• flowering time
• microsatellite
• new species
• parallel divergence
• rheophyte
• <i>Solidago</i>

Details

• CRID: 1390288535621418112
• NII Article ID: 130008060667
• DOI: 10.18942/apg.202012
• ISSN: 21897042
• ISSN: 13467565
• Text Lang: en
• Data Source:
  • JaLC
  • CiNii Articles
  • KAKEN
• Abstract License Flag: Disallowed