Development of Transdermal Vaccines for Pollinosis Immunotherapy Using Oil Based Nanodispersion Carriers Containing Antigen Epitopes

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  • Goto Masahiro
    Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University Advanced Transdermal Drug Delivery System Center, Kyushu University
  • Higashijima Koki
    Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University
  • Kitaoka Momoko
    Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University

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  • 抗原エピトープ封入油状ナノキャリアを用いた 花粉症経皮ワクチンの開発
  • コウゲン エピトープ フウニュウ ユジョウ ナノキャリア オ モチイタ カフンショウ ケイヒ ワクチン ノ カイハツ

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Abstract

In recent years, pollinosis immunotherapy has been attracting much attention, however, the administration methods of vaccine drugs have been limited to the subcutaneous injection or the sublingual administration. In this study, we developed a transdermal vaccine administration strategy for the simple and non–invasive pollinosis immunotherapy. For the transdermal antigen delivery, the presence of stratum corneum, the hydrophobic outermost layer of the skin, is an obstacle. Another problem with current pollinosis immunotherapy is side effects of using the whole allergen molecules. To overcome these issues, we applied a solid–in–oil (S/O) nanodispersion, which is composed of hydrophilic antigen molecules coated with hydrophobic surfactants, and enables transdermal penetration of the antigen molecules into the skin. In addition, we introduced a T cell epitope peptide derived from the cedar pollen allergen (PepA : SMKVTVAFNQFGP), which had shown lower risks of the side effects. We succeeded in preparing an S/O nanodispersion containing PepA. The oil–based S/O system enhanced the skin penetration of the PepA. Antigen specific IgE levels in the murine models were significantly reduced by the S/O administration. Activations of the type–1 helper T and regulatory T cells were also confirmed, which indicates the effectiveness of the pollinosis immunotherapy using the S/O vaccine system.

Journal

  • MEMBRANE

    MEMBRANE 46 (4), 226-232, 2021

    THE MEMBRANE SOCIETY OF JAPAN

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