A Novel Archaeal Lineage in Boiling Hot Springs around Oyasukyo Gorge (Akita, Japan)

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  • Asamatsu Katsuhiro
    Faculty of Environmental Engineering, The University of Kitakyushu
  • Yoshitake Kai
    Faculty of Environmental Engineering, The University of Kitakyushu
  • Saito Makoto
    Faculty of Environmental Engineering, The University of Kitakyushu
  • Prasitwuttisak Wipoo
    Faculty of Environmental Engineering, The University of Kitakyushu
  • Ishibashi Jun-ichiro
    Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University
  • Tsutsumi Akihi
    Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University
  • Mustapha Nurul Asyifah
    Department of Biological Functions Engineering, Graduate School of Life Sciences and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology
  • Maeda Toshinari
    Department of Biological Functions Engineering, Graduate School of Life Sciences and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology
  • Yanagawa Katsunori
    Faculty of Environmental Engineering, The University of Kitakyushu

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<p>A novel deep-branching archaeal lineage was discovered at high-temperature hot springs around Oyasukyo Gorge in Akita Prefecture, Japan. Actively boiling hot spring water contained >1×104 microbes mL–1. The microbial community composition assessed by analyzing 16S rRNA gene amplicons revealed that the dominant bacterial phyla were Proteobacteria and Aquificae (>50% of the microbial composition) in samples collected in 2016 and 2019, respectively. Approximately 10% of the reads obtained in both years were not assigned to any taxonomy. The more detailed phylogenetic positions of the unassigned sequences identified using a clone library and phylogenetic tree showed that they formed a clade that was independent, distantly related to known phyla, and had low similarity (<82%) to all other sequences in available databases. The present results suggest that this novel archaeal phylum-level lineage thrives in boiling hot springs in Japan.</p>

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