Developmental Stages of Lotic-breeding Toad, <i>Bufo torrenticola</i>, with a Comparison to Lentic-breeding <i>B. japonicus formosus</i> (Amphibia: Anura: Bufonidae)

• TANAKA Kanon

  Faculty of Integrated Human Studies, Kyoto University

• NISHIKAWA Kanto

  Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University

Bibliographic Information

Other Title

• Developmental Stages of Lotic-breeding Toad, Bufo torrenticola, with a Comparison to Lentic-breeding B. japonicus formosus (Amphibia: Anura: Bufonidae)

Abstract

The development of lotic-breeding Bufo torrenticola is described from zygote to completion of metamorphosis in captivity at 13±1°C. We delimit 56 developmental stages based on external features. We describe developmental stages so as to be comparable to common stages that are widely used for anurans. We also compare the larval development between B. torrenticola in lotic water and lentic water, and with lentic-breeding B. japonicus formosus in lentic water. Our results suggest tadpole mouth size in B. torrenticola is determined by genetic factors, but the tail muscle volume is determined by both genetic and environmental factors.

Journal

• Current Herpetology

  Current Herpetology 41 (1), 8-23, 2022

  The Herpetological Society of Japan

Keywords

• External gill
• Japanese stream toad
• Mouth width
• Tadpole morphology
• Tail height

Details

• CRID: 1390854717417063936
• NII Article ID: 130008164557
• NII Book ID: AA12246863
• DOI: 10.5358/hsj.41.8
• ISSN: 18811019
• ISSN: 13455834
• HANDLE: 2433/268760
• NDL BIB ID: 032000288
• Web Site: https://ndlsearch.ndl.go.jp/books/R000000004-I032000288
• Text Lang: en
• Data Source:
  • JaLC
  • IRDB
  • NDL
  • Crossref
  • CiNii Articles
  • KAKEN
• Abstract License Flag: Disallowed