Software Analytics for Manual Activities using Developer Work Elements

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Abstract

Software Engineering is a diverse and highly flexible discipline that can be practiced using a development model of the developer's choosing. Unfortunately, existing state-of-the-practice software engineering development models do not take human effort into consideration since there are no applicable metrics to gauge the associated manual activity. This study presents a novel discretization technique as a software analytic to estimate the manual effort expended on software development process. The proposed technique classifies three manual activity domains, namely, abstract, concrete, and unclassified. The units of classification are called Developer Work Elements (DevWE). The sequence of DevWE denotes a development analytic in three visual aids, namely, symbolic flow map, operation chart, and workload breakdown chart. These give rise to the determination of efforts expended which are measured by COSMIC Function Point. The result can be combined with those traditional software measurable activities to yield accurate total project effort estimation. Major contributions of this prospectus encompass (1) discretization DevWE analytic for manual effort estimation, (2) visual chart aids for operation tracing, monitoring, improving, and control, and (3) discovering that almost half of the estimation effort stems from manual activity.------------------------------This is a preprint of an article intended for publication Journal ofInformation Processing(JIP). This preprint should not be cited. Thisarticle should be cited as: Journal of Information Processing Vol.28(2020) (online)DOI　http://dx.doi.org/10.2197/ipsjjip.28.279------------------------------

Software Engineering is a diverse and highly flexible discipline that can be practiced using a development model of the developer's choosing. Unfortunately, existing state-of-the-practice software engineering development models do not take human effort into consideration since there are no applicable metrics to gauge the associated manual activity. This study presents a novel discretization technique as a software analytic to estimate the manual effort expended on software development process. The proposed technique classifies three manual activity domains, namely, abstract, concrete, and unclassified. The units of classification are called Developer Work Elements (DevWE). The sequence of DevWE denotes a development analytic in three visual aids, namely, symbolic flow map, operation chart, and workload breakdown chart. These give rise to the determination of efforts expended which are measured by COSMIC Function Point. The result can be combined with those traditional software measurable activities to yield accurate total project effort estimation. Major contributions of this prospectus encompass (1) discretization DevWE analytic for manual effort estimation, (2) visual chart aids for operation tracing, monitoring, improving, and control, and (3) discovering that almost half of the estimation effort stems from manual activity.------------------------------This is a preprint of an article intended for publication Journal ofInformation Processing(JIP). This preprint should not be cited. Thisarticle should be cited as: Journal of Information Processing Vol.28(2020) (online)DOI　http://dx.doi.org/10.2197/ipsjjip.28.279------------------------------

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