Trade-Off Relationship between Si Recess and Defect Density Formed by Plasma-Induced Damage in Planar Metal–Oxide–Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors and the Optimization Methodology

Abstract

<jats:p> Physical damage induced by high-energy ion bombardment during plasma processing is characterized from the viewpoint of the relationship between surface-damaged layer (silicon loss) and defect site underneath the surface. Parameters for plasma-induced damage (PID), Si recess depth (<jats:italic>d</jats:italic> <jats:sub>R</jats:sub>) and residual (areal) defect density after wet-etch treatment (<jats:italic>N</jats:italic> <jats:sub>dam</jats:sub>), are calculated on the basis of a modified range theory, and the trade-off relationship between <jats:italic>d</jats:italic> <jats:sub>R</jats:sub> and <jats:italic>N</jats:italic> <jats:sub>dam</jats:sub> is presented. We also model their effects on device parameters such as off-state leakage (<jats:italic>I</jats:italic> <jats:sub>off</jats:sub>) and drain saturation current (<jats:italic>I</jats:italic> <jats:sub>on</jats:sub>) of n-channel metal–oxide–semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs). Based on the models, we clarify the relationship among plasma process parameters (ion energy and ion flux), <jats:italic>d</jats:italic> <jats:sub>R</jats:sub>, <jats:italic>N</jats:italic> <jats:sub>dam</jats:sub>, <jats:italic>I</jats:italic> <jats:sub>off</jats:sub>, and <jats:italic>I</jats:italic> <jats:sub>on</jats:sub>. Then we propose a methodology optimizing ion energy and ion flux under the constraints defined by device specifications <jats:italic>I</jats:italic> <jats:sub>off</jats:sub> and <jats:italic>I</jats:italic> <jats:sub>on</jats:sub>, via <jats:italic>d</jats:italic> <jats:sub>R</jats:sub> and <jats:italic>N</jats:italic> <jats:sub>dam</jats:sub>. This procedure is regarded as so-called optimization problems. The proposed methodology is applicable to optimizing plasma parameters that minimize degradation of MOSFET performance by PID. </jats:p>

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