One-Directional Grain-Orientation Control of Piezoelectric Ceramics with Tungsten Bronze Structure by Spin-Forming-Extended Method

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<jats:p> In order to easily fabricate one directional grain-oriented piezoelectric ceramics with the tungsten bronze structure, the modified rolling-extended orientation method (spin-forming-extended method) was employed. By spin-forming a cylindrical claylike green body, needlelike templates were aligned in the length direction of the green body. The repetition number of the spin-forming process, the content of the templates in the green body and the Pb/Ba ratio in (Pb<jats:sub>1-<jats:italic>x</jats:italic> </jats:sub>Ba<jats:sub> <jats:italic>x</jats:italic> </jats:sub>)<jats:sub>0.96</jats:sub>La<jats:sub>8/3</jats:sub>Nb<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O<jats:sub>6</jats:sub> used for the templates and matrix powder were optimized. The rectangular ceramics, which are <jats:italic>c</jats:italic>-axis-oriented in the thickness direction and have a size of 30 mm in the length direction, were consequently obtained. </jats:p>

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