Composition of thin Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> films deposited by different methods and the effect of humidity on their resistive switching behavior

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<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>The resistive switching behavior of Cu/Ta<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O<jats:sub>5</jats:sub>/Pt atomic switches, in which the Ta<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O<jats:sub>5</jats:sub> film was deposited by electron-beam (EB) evaporation and radio-frequency sputtering (SP), was investigated under different relative humidity (RH) levels. Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements revealed that both films possess the oxygen-rich composition and higher water absorption capability of EB films. The Cu/Ta<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O<jats:sub>5</jats:sub>-SP/Pt cell showed a stable, nonvolatile switching behavior in the observed RH range, whereas the Cu/Ta<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O<jats:sub>5</jats:sub>-EB/Pt cell exhibited a similar behavior up to 50% RH, but altered from nonvolatile to volatile switching at higher RH levels. The observed volatile switching behavior of the Cu/Ta<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O<jats:sub>5</jats:sub>-EB/Pt cell can be explained by increased ion migration, assisted by absorbed water and/or proton conduction in hydrated environments. The results indicate that the water uptake ability of the matrix film plays a crucial role in determining the resistive switching behavior of oxide-based atomic switches.</jats:p>

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