Human renin gene <i>Bgl</i>I dimorphism associated with hypertension in two independent populations

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<jats:p>The renin (<jats:italic>REN</jats:italic>) gene is a good candidate that could underlie an individual's genetic susceptibility to human essential hypertension (EHT). We describe here a polymerase chain reaction‐based assay for detection of a <jats:italic>Bgl</jats:italic>I dimorphic site located in the first intron of the <jats:italic>REN</jats:italic> gene. In this retrospective, case–control, association study, we investigated <jats:italic>Bgl</jats:italic>I allele and genotype distributions in 554 subjects (280 hypertensives and 274 normotensives) from the United Arab Emirates (UAE) – a genetically homogeneous ethnic population with no history of smoking or alcohol consumption – and in 485 hypercholesterolemic, US Caucasian subjects (250 hypertensives and 235 normotensives). A statistically significant association was found between alleles on which the <jats:italic>Bgl</jats:italic>I site is present [<jats:italic>Bgl</jats:italic>I(+)] and clinical diagnosis of EHT in the UAE sample group (odds ratio=2.69, p=0.0006), and a similar trend was observed in the US group (odds ratio=1.97, p=0.01). <jats:italic>Bgl</jats:italic>I(+) homozygous status was also investigated in the US group and found to be associated with elevated systolic and diastolic blood pressure values (respectively, 144.8±26.1 vs. 134.1±23.0 mmHg, p=0.04; and 91.0±12.5 vs. 82.2±12.7 mmHg, p=0.009).In conclusion, variations of the <jats:italic>REN</jats:italic> (or of a nearby) gene that may be in linkage disequilibrium with the <jats:italic>REN</jats:italic><jats:italic>Bgl</jats:italic>I(+) marker could play a role in contributing to an increased individual's genetic susceptibility to EHT in the UAE population and amongst US hypercholesterolemic Caucasians. Such a genetic influence, which seems to show a recessive mode of inheritance, could also be implicated in raising both systolic and diastolic blood pressures.</jats:p>

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