A novel transcriptional regulation mechanism in the flagellar regulon of <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i>: an anti‐sigma factor inhibits the activity of the flagellum‐specific Sigma factor, σ<sup>F</sup>

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<jats:title>Summary</jats:title><jats:p>We have studied the molecular mechanism of the negative regulation by <jats:italic>flgM</jats:italic> of the late operons of the flagellar regulon of <jats:italic>Salmonella typhimurium.</jats:italic> A 7.8 kDa protein that was identified as the <jats:italic>flgM</jats:italic> gene product was purified to homogeneity; its amino‐terminal sequence was identical to the deduced sequence except for the lack of the initiating methionine. The purified FlgM repressed transcription from the <jats:italic>fliC</jats:italic> promoter, one that is activated by the sigma factor, FliA (σ<jats:sup>F</jats:sup>). No DNA‐binding activity was detected in FlgM. Chemical cross‐linking experiments showed that the purified FlgM bound to σ<jats:sup>F</jats:sup> and disturbed Its ability to form a complex with RNA polymerase core enzyme. These results indicate that FlgM is a novel type of negative regulator that probably inactivates the flagellum‐specific sigma factor through direct interaction, i.e. it is an anti‐sigma factor.</jats:p>

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