Increased carbon monoxide in exhaled air of patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis

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Abstract

<jats:sec><jats:title>Background</jats:title><jats:p>Carbon monoxide (CO) can be detected in exhaled air and is increased in asthmatic patients. However, it is uncertain whether exhaled CO is increased in patients with allergic rhinitis.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective and methods</jats:title><jats:p>To study whether exhaled CO is increased in patients with allergic rhinitis, exhaled CO concentrations were measured on a CO monitor by vital capacity manoeuvre in 86 patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis during and out of the cedar pollen season.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>During the season, exhaled CO concentrations were 3.6 ± 0.3 p.p.m. and decreased to 1.2 ± 0.1 p.p.m. out of the season. The values of exhaled CO out of the season were similar to those in age‐matched non‐smoking healthy control subjects (1.2 ± 0.1 p.p.m.). Exhaled CO concentrations were significantly higher in patients with symptoms than in those without symptoms (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic> < 0.01). Exhaled CO concentrations in patients did not differ significantly among oral and nasal exhalation, and oral exhalation with an expiratory resistance (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic> > 0.20).</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title><jats:p>These findings suggest that allergic rhinitis increases the concentration of CO in exhaled air and increases in exhaled CO may be derived from lower airways.</jats:p></jats:sec>

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