Characterization of amphioxus<i>AmphiWnt8</i> : insights into the evolution of patterning of the embryonic dorsoventral axis

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<jats:p><jats:bold>SUMMARY</jats:bold>The full‐length sequence and developmental expression of an amphioxus<jats:italic>Wnt</jats:italic>gene (<jats:italic>AmphiWnt8</jats:italic> ) are described. In amphioxus embryos, the expression patterns of<jats:italic>AmphiWnt8</jats:italic>suggest patterning roles in the forebrain, in the hindgut, and in the paraxial mesoderm that gives rise to the muscular somites. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that a single<jats:italic>Wnt8</jats:italic>subfamily gene in an ancestral chordate duplicated early in vertebrate evolution into a<jats:italic>Wnt8</jats:italic>clade and a<jats:italic>Wnt8b</jats:italic>clade. Coincident with this gene duplication, the functions of the ancestral<jats:italic>AmphiWnt8</jats:italic>‐like gene appear to have been divided between vertebrate<jats:italic>Wnt8b</jats:italic>(exclusively neurogenic, especially in the forebrain) and vertebrate<jats:italic>Wnt8</jats:italic>(miscellaneous, especially in early somitogenesis). Amphioxus<jats:italic>AmphiWnt8</jats:italic>and its vertebrate<jats:italic>Wnt8</jats:italic>homologs probably play comparable roles in the early dorsoventral patterning of the embryonic body axis.</jats:p>

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