Regulation of natural cytotoxicity by the adaptor SAP and the Src-related kinase Fyn

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  • Coralie Bloch-Queyrat
    1Laboratoire du Développement Normal et Pathologique du Système Immunitaire, Unité Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale 429, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, 75015 Paris, France
  • Marie-Claude Fondanèche
    1Laboratoire du Développement Normal et Pathologique du Système Immunitaire, Unité Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale 429, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, 75015 Paris, France
  • Riyan Chen
    3Clinical Research Institute of Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3G 146, Canada
  • Luo Yin
    2International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69372 Lyon, France
  • Francis Relouzat
    1Laboratoire du Développement Normal et Pathologique du Système Immunitaire, Unité Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale 429, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, 75015 Paris, France
  • André Veillette
    3Clinical Research Institute of Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3G 146, Canada
  • Alain Fischer
    1Laboratoire du Développement Normal et Pathologique du Système Immunitaire, Unité Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale 429, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, 75015 Paris, France
  • Sylvain Latour
    1Laboratoire du Développement Normal et Pathologique du Système Immunitaire, Unité Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale 429, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, 75015 Paris, France

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<jats:p>SAP is an adaptor protein that is expressed in NK and T cells. It is mutated in humans who have X-linked lymphoproliferative (XLP) disease. By interacting with SLAM family receptors, SAP enables tyrosine phosphorylation signaling of these receptors by its ability to recruit the Src-related kinase, Fyn. Here, we analyzed the role of SAP in NK cell functions using the SAP-deficient mouse model. Our results showed that SAP was required for the ability of NK cells to eliminate tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. This effect strongly correlated with expression of CD48 on tumor cells, the ligand of 2B4, a SLAM-related receptor expressed in NK cells. In keeping with earlier reports that studied human NK cells, we showed that SAP was necessary for the ability of 2B4 to trigger cytotoxicity and IFN-γ secretion. In the absence of SAP, 2B4 function was shifted toward inhibition of NK cell–mediated cytotoxicity. By analyzing mice lacking Fyn, we showed that similarly to SAP, Fyn was strictly required for 2B4 function. Taken together, these results provide evidence that the 2B4-SAP-Fyn cascade defines a potent activating pathway of natural cytotoxicity. They also could help to explain the high propensity of patients who have XLP disease to develop lymphoproliferative disorders.</jats:p>

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