Tumor cells convert immature myeloid dendritic cells into TGF-β–secreting cells inducing CD4<b>+</b>CD25<b>+</b> regulatory T cell proliferation

  • François Ghiringhelli
    1Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U517, University of Burgundy, 21079 Dijon, France
  • Pierre E. Puig
    1Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U517, University of Burgundy, 21079 Dijon, France
  • Stephan Roux
    2ERM 0208, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale
  • Arnaud Parcellier
    1Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U517, University of Burgundy, 21079 Dijon, France
  • Elise Schmitt
    1Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U517, University of Burgundy, 21079 Dijon, France
  • Eric Solary
    1Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U517, University of Burgundy, 21079 Dijon, France
  • Guido Kroemer
    3UMR 8125, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France
  • François Martin
    1Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U517, University of Burgundy, 21079 Dijon, France
  • Bruno Chauffert
    1Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U517, University of Burgundy, 21079 Dijon, France
  • Laurence Zitvogel
    2ERM 0208, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale

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<jats:p>The mechanisms through which regulatory T cells accumulate in lymphoid organs of tumor-bearing hosts remain elusive. Our experiments indicate that the accumulation of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (T reg cells) expressing FoxP3 and exhibiting immunosuppressive function originates from the proliferation of naturally occurring CD25+ T cells and requires signaling through transforming growth factor (TGF)–β receptor II. During tumor progression, a subset of dendritic cells (DCs) exhibiting a myeloid immature phenotype is recruited to draining lymph nodes. This DC subset selectively promotes the proliferation of T reg cells in a TGF-β–dependent manner in mice and rats. Tumor cells are necessary and sufficient to convert DCs into regulatory cells that secrete bioactive TGF-β and stimulate T reg cell proliferation. In conclusion, tumor expansion can stimulate T reg cells via a specific DC subset.</jats:p>

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