Organizational Learning and Communities-of-Practice: Toward a Unified View of Working, Learning, and Innovation

• John Seely Brown

  Xerox Palo Alto Research Center and Institute for Research on Learning, 2550 Hanover Street, Palo Alto, California 94304

• Paul Duguid

  Institute for Research on Learning, 2550 Hanover Street, Palo Alto, California 94304

Abstract

Recent ethnographic studies of workplace practices indicate that the ways people actually work usually differ fundamentally from the ways organizations describe that work in manuals, training programs, organizational charts, and job descriptions. Nevertheless, organizations tend to rely on the latter in their attempts to understand and improve work practice. We examine one such study. We then relate its conclusions to compatible investigations of learning and of innovation to argue that conventional descriptions of jobs mask not only the ways people work, but also significant learning and innovation generated in the informal communities-of-practice in which they work. By reassessing work, learning, and innovation in the context of actual communities and actual practices, we suggest that the connections between these three become apparent. With a unified view of working, learning, and innovating, it should be possible to reconceive of and redesign organizations to improve all three.

Journal

• Organization Science

  Organization Science 2 (1), 40-57, 1991-02

  Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS)

Keywords

• Management of Technology and Innovation
• Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management
• Strategy and Management

Details

• CRID: 1362262945674569472
• NII Article ID: 30041448714
• DOI: 10.1287/orsc.2.1.40
• ISSN: 15265455
• ISSN: 10477039
• Web Site: https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/pdf/10.1287/orsc.2.1.40
• Data Source:
  • Crossref
  • CiNii Articles