りんごの需要動向と輸入解禁の影響

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  • The Impact of Lifting the Ban on Import of Fresh Apples to Japan
  • リンゴ ノ ジュヨウ ドウコウ ト ユニュウ カイキン ノ エイキョウ

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The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of lifting the ban on import of fresh apples to Japan. Japan opened the domestic market of fresh apples for trade in 1971. However, for prevention of epidemics, the ban on import of fresh apples had been still effective up to 1993.<br>During these years, Japanese consumers have come to prefer to large red apples with their sweet in proportion to their acidity. These apples, which have been treated as “high quality apples” in Japan, began to produce in 1970s, Until then, various types of high quality apples have been introduced to the market.<br>The ban on import for reasons of the prevention of epidemics was removed to New Zealand in 1993 and to the United States in 1994. It is the urgent matter for us to estimate the effect of lifting the ban on import of fresh apples to Japan. At the same time, our experience of the apple consumption is required us to estimate the domestic demand for apples with taking account of their varieties and qualities.<br>According to the result of the demand analysis, we got the fact that Japanese consumers have a tendency to distinguish among the characteristics of apples clearly. Therefore, if the very high quality apples like the upper class of Japanese “Fuji” are imported to Japan, the domestic market price of apples might fall down drastically. Furthermore, because the recently domestic supply amount of apples are nearly at their saturation level, the domestic apple farmers must suffer heavy damage from the imports.<br>Fortunately for the domestic apple farmers, our first imports of fresh apples from New Zealand and the United States were not a menace to the domestic production. Almost all of the apples imported to Japan were relatively small and ranked as low qualities. The result of estimation implied quantitatively that the impact of lifting the ban on import of fresh apples was not so serious for the apple production in Japan.

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