仮面と物質性 : 仮面論の再考に向けて

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  • Masks and Materiality: Towards a Reconsideration of Mask Studies
  • カメン ト ブッシツセイ : カメンロン ノ サイコウ ニ ムケテ

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This paper aims to offer some points of view for rethinking theories of mask studies, by focusing on the materiality of masks and masquerades. The Japanese term kamen (kari-no-omote), which can be translated “masks” as well as “persona” in English, is also referred as omote (face). Epistemological distinction among mask, persona, and omote should be reconsidered. Masks as material culture are not mere abstract notion but material objects which have their own physical interactions between human beings. This paper provides ethnographic descriptions on these interactions, based on case studies of Cross River societies in Africa and societies in Okumikawa region, Japan. Material engagement theory (MET) is helpful for having some insights in the issue on materiality of masks and masquerades. Certainly mask is a means of transformation or disguise, but it makes them temporal cultural actions which are socially admitted in each community. Materiality of masks plays an important role for this, which is never observed in other means of disguise or transformation. Mask studies have been carried out from various fields of research. This paper suggests that description and analysis on materiality of masks and masquerades will offer certain points of view for reconsideration of mask studies, which must be a proper contribution from anthropology and ethnology.

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