運動様式の違いからみた幼児の日常身体活動量と基本的運動能力との関係

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  • ウンドウ ヨウシキ ノ チガイ カラ ミタ ヨウジ ノ ニチジョウ シンタイ カツドウリョウ ト キホンテキ ウンドウ ノウリョク トノ カンケイ
  • Undo yoshiki no chigai kara mita yoji no nichijo shintai katsudoryo to kihonteki undo noryoku tono kankei
  • The relationship between fundamental movement skills and the extent of daily physical activity in preschool children

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Abstract

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Fundamental movement skills are significantly associated with habitual physical activity. Recently, it has become clear that children have become less physically active than in the past, and some studies have shown that children's fundamental movement skills have been declining in recent decades. Human movements have various characteristics, and not all movement skills are associated with physical activity level. In this study, we investigated the relationship between 5 fundamental movements (25-m run, zigzag run, standing long jump, softball throwing, and ball bouncing) and the daily physical activity level of 4-to-6-year-old preschool children. Physical activity was assessed using a triaxial accelerometer for a week. We examined the time children spent engaged in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA) during everyday activities. We found that fundamental movement skills were greater among older children than in younger children. The degree of MVPA was also higher among boys versus girls. There was a statistically significant relationship between the total score for the 5 movements and MVPA. However, when the relationship between MVPA and each movement item was assessed individually, some differences were observed. The 25-m run, zigzag run, and standing long jump were associated with the degree of MVPA, but softball throwing and ball bouncing were not associated with MVPA. These findings suggest that each particular movement needs to be practiced to enable mastery of movement skills, particularly with respect to manipulative movements.

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