東日本大震災における福島第二原子力発電所の緊急時対応の教訓を反映した原子力緊急時マネジメントシステムの改善

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  • 川村 慎一
    東京電力(株)　原子力設備管理部
  • 奈良林 直
    北海道大学大学院工学院　エネルギー環境システム専攻

書誌事項

タイトル別名
  • Improved Nuclear Emergency Management System Reflecting Lessons Learned from the Emergency Response at Fukushima Daini Nuclear Power Station after the Great East Japan Earthquake
  • ヒガシニホン ダイシンサイ ニ オケル フクシマ ダイニ ゲンシリョク ハツデンショ ノ キンキュウジ タイオウ ノ キョウクン オ ハンエイ シタ ゲンシリョク キンキュウジ マネジメント システム ノ カイゼン

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抄録

Three nuclear reactors at Fukushima Daini Nuclear Power Station lost all their ultimate heat sinks owing to damage from the tsunami caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake on March 11, 2011. Water was injected into the reactors by alternate measures, damaged cooling systems were restored with promptly supplied substitute materials, and all the reactors were brought to a cold shutdown state within four days. Lessons learned from this experience were identified to improve emergency management, especially in the areas of strategic response planning, logistics, and functions supporting response activities continuing over a long period. It was found that continuous planning activities reflecting information from plant parameters and response action results were important, and that relevant functions in emergency response organizations should be integrated. Logistics were handled successfully but many difficulties were experienced. Therefore, their functions should be clearly established and improved by emergency response organizations. Supporting emergency responders in the aspects of their physical and mental conditions was important for sustaining continuous response. As a platform for improvement, the concept of the Incident Command System was applied for the first time to a nuclear emergency management system, with specific improvement ideas such as a phased approach in response planning and common operation pictures.

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