An Investigation of the Conversion and Transportation of Hydrogen Produced by Electrolysis of Water using Wind Power

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  • 風力発電電力利用水電解水素の変換・輸送方法の検討
  • フウリョク ハツデン デンリョク リヨウスイ デンカイ スイソ ノ ヘンカン ・ ユソウ ホウホウ ノ ケントウ

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Abstract

<p>The power produced from renewable energy sources should ideally be converted into fuel for long-term storage and long-distance transportation. In this study, it was assessed a wind turbine of 3000 kW class was installed at six locations with good wind conditions in the Tokai region, and that the electricity generated, estimated based on meteorological data, was converted into hydrogen by electrolisys of water and transported to urban consumers after (1) compression, (2) liquefaction, (3) conversion into liquefied methane or (4) conversion into organic hydride. These four procedures for conversion and transportation were assessed from the viewpoint of energy efficiency and CO2 emission. It was found that fuel consumption, CO2 emission, and energy consumed for transportation increased with transportation distance from turbine to consumer irrespective of the type of conversion and transportation procedure. Energy loss during transportation was found to be significant for the compressed hydrogen procedure, but not for the other three procedures. When the energy loss ratio is defined based on the heating value of liquefied methane, the liquefied methane procedure had the best energy efficiency for long-distance transportation, while compression of hydrogen was most efficient for short-distance transportation. On the other hand, the energy efficiency of liquefied methane procedure is decreased based on the heating value of hydrogen. It was also found that CO2 emission is lowest for the liquefied methane procedure, since fewer tank trucks are needed to transport liquefied natural gas (LNG), with the result that this has the smallest environmental impact among the four conversion and transportation procedures.</p>

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