Ozone Depletion: Ultraviolet Radiation and Phytoplankton Biology in Antarctic Waters

• R. C. Smith

  Department of Geography and the University of California Marine Bio-Optics and the Computer Systems Laboratory-Center for Remote Sensing and Environmental Optics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106.

• B. B. Prézelin

  Department of Biological Sciences and the Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106.

• K. S. Baker

  University of California Marine Bio-Optics and the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093.

• R. R. Bidigare

  Department of Oceanography, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822.

• N. P. Boucher

  Department of Biological Sciences and the Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106.

• T. Coley

  Moss Landing Marine Labs, Moss Landing, CA 95039.

• D. Karentz

  Laboratory of Radiobiology and Environmental Health, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0750.

• S. MacIntyre

  Department of Geography and the University of California Marine Bio-Optics and the Computer Systems Laboratory-Center for Remote Sensing and Environmental Optics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106.

• H. A. Matlick

  Department of Biological Sciences and the Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106.

• D. Menzies

  Department of Geography and the University of California Marine Bio-Optics and the Computer Systems Laboratory-Center for Remote Sensing and Environmental Optics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106.

• M. Ondrusek

  Department of Oceanography, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822.

• Z. Wan

  Department of Geography and the University of California Marine Bio-Optics and the Computer Systems Laboratory-Center for Remote Sensing and Environmental Optics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106.

• K. J. Waters

  Department of Geography and the University of California Marine Bio-Optics and the Computer Systems Laboratory-Center for Remote Sensing and Environmental Optics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106.

抄録

The springtime stratospheric ozone (O 3 ) layer over the Antarctic is thinning by as much as 50 percent, resulting in increased midultraviolet (UVB) radiation reaching the surface of the Southern Ocean. There is concern that phytoplankton communities confined to near-surface waters of the marginal ice zone will be harmed by increased UVB irradiance penetrating the ocean surface, thereby altering the dynamics of Antarctic marine ecosystems. Results from a 6-week cruise (Icecolors) in the marginal ice zone of the Bellingshausen Sea in austral spring of 1990 indicated that as the O 3 layer thinned: (i) sea surface- and depth-dependent ratios of UVB irradiance (280 to 320 nanometers) to total irradiance (280 to 700 nanometers) increased and (ii) UVB inhibition of photosynthesis increased. These and other Icecolors findings suggest that O 3 -dependent shifts of in-water spectral irradiances alter the balance of spectrally dependent phytoplankton processes, including photoinhibition, photoreactivation, photoprotection, and photosynthesis. A minimum 6 to 12 percent reduction in primary production associated with O 3 depletion was estimated for the duration of the cruise.

収録刊行物

• Science

  Science 255 (5047), 952-959, 1992-02-21

  American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

キーワード

• Multidisciplinary

詳細情報

• CRID: 1363670318454233472
• NII論文ID: 80006346085
• DOI: 10.1126/science.1546292
• ISSN: 10959203
• ISSN: 00368075
• ISSN: http://id.crossref.org/issn/00368075
• Web Site: https://www.science.org/doi/pdf/10.1126/science.1546292
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