Mechanisms of injection enhancement in organic light-emitting diodes through an Al/LiF electrode

DOI PDF 被引用文献11件
  • H. Heil
    Institute of Materials Science, Darmstadt University of Technology, Darmstadt, Germany
  • J. Steiger
    Institute of Materials Science, Darmstadt University of Technology, Darmstadt, Germany
  • S. Karg
    Institute of Materials Science, Darmstadt University of Technology, Darmstadt, Germany
  • M. Gastel
    Institute of Materials Science, Darmstadt University of Technology, Darmstadt, Germany
  • H. Ortner
    Institute of Materials Science, Darmstadt University of Technology, Darmstadt, Germany
  • H. von Seggern
    Institute of Materials Science, Darmstadt University of Technology, Darmstadt, Germany
  • M. Stößel
    Siemens AG, Corporate Technology, ZT MF 1, Erlangen, Germany

抄録

<jats:p>The mechanisms of enhanced electron injection into the electron transport layer of Alq3 [tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)-aluminum] via LiF interlayers are studied by means of I–V characteristics, secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS), and Kelvin probe measurements. Devices for single carrier injection were prepared using aluminum electrodes, Alq3 electron transport layers, and thin intermediate layers of LiF. It was found that devices deposited in the order Alq3-LiF-aluminum have a much higher electron injection capability than structures deposited in the order aluminum-LiF-Alq3. SIMS depth profile analysis reveals that the evaporation of Al on LiF leads to a spatial separation of Li and F probably induced by a chemical reaction of Al with LiF. Simple thermodynamic calculations support the energetic feasibility of such a reaction. Titanium cathodes in the same layer sequence also exhibit electron injection enhancement, probably due to their similar chemical reactivity. However, electron injection from Ag electrodes is not significantly improved by the introduction of a LiF interlayer.</jats:p>

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