An Ecosystem approach to aquatic ecology : Mirror Lake and its environments

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書誌事項

An Ecosystem approach to aquatic ecology : Mirror Lake and its environments

edited by Gene E. Likens

Springer-Verlag, c1985

  • : U.S.

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注記

Bibliography: p. [445]-496

Includes index

内容説明・目次

内容説明

Why study a small lake in the White Mountains of north-central New Hamp- shire? Better yet, why write a book about those studies? We wrestled with such questions for years, and the answers lie in the overall ecosystem focus and approach we have taken. At the same time that we studied Mirror Lake, numerous and comprehensive studies were done of the surrounding terres- trial and stream ecosystems of the Hubbard Brook Valley. These associated studies complemented those done in the lake and provided unique informa- tion about air-land-water linkages in the Valley. Many of the studies con- ducted in Mirror Lake were about organisms or about the processes carried out by these individual organisms or communities. Nevertheless, an abiding objective always was to determine the significance that these individuals and individual processes had to the overall structure, metabolism and biogeo- chemistry of the Mirror Lake ecosystem. To wit, what is the significance for the ecosystem? In some cases the ecosystem role was clear, for many it was not. But the hope is that our attempts to unravel and understand the whole will be informative and, more importantly, that it will stimulate others to study the holistic and functional relationships in entire landscapes. The book is more than a case history of a single lake. We have written it not only for the serious student of lakes, but also for those interested in ecosystems and their interactions.

目次

I: An Ecosystem Approach.- A. Ecosystem Analysis.- 1. The Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study.- 2. Other Interactions Between Ecosystems.- II: The Hubbard Brook Valley.- A. Environmental Parameters.- B. Biogeochemistry.- III: Mirror Lake and Its Watershed.- A. Physiographic Setting and Geologic Origin of Mirror Lake.- Location and General Physiographic Setting.- Geology.- Glacial History and Origin of Lake Basin.- Topography and Drainage Basin Characteristics.- Comparison of Mirror Lake and Hubbard Brook Drainage Basins.- B. Historical Considerations.- 1. History of the Vegetation on the Mirror Lake Watershed.- 2. Catastrophic Disturbance and Regional Land Use.- 3. Mirror Lake: Cultural History.- IV: Mirror Lake-Physical and Chemical Characteristics.- A. Importance of Perspective in Limnology.- B. Physical and Chemical Environment.- C. Stability, Circulation and Energy Flux in Mirror Lake.- D. Approaches to the Study of Lake Hydrology.- E. Flux and Balance of Water and Chemicals.- V: Mirror Lake-Biologic Considerations.- A. Species Composition, Distribution, Population, Biomass and Behavior.- 1. Bacteria.- 2. Phytoplankton.- 3. Periphyton.- 4. Macrophytes.- 5. Zooplankton.- 6. Benthic Macroinvertebrates.- 7. Benthic Microinvertebrates.- 8. Salamanders.- 9. Fishes.- B. Production and Limiting Factors.- 1. Bacteria.- 2. Phytoplankton.- 3. Macrophytes.- 4. Periphyton Production.- 5. Zooplankton.- 6. Benthic Macroinvertebrates.- 7. Vertebrates.- C. Organic Carbon Budget.- D. Decomposition.- VI: Mirror Lake-Ecologic Interactions.- A. The Littoral Region.- B. The Profundal Region.- C. The Pelagic Region.- D. The Lake-Ecosystem.- VII: Paleolimnology.- A. Sedimentation.- 1. Late-Glacial and Holocene Sedimentation.- 2. Contemporary Sedimentation.- B. Diatoms.- C. Animal Microfossils.- D. Fossil Pigments.- E. Chemistry.- F. Paleoecology of Mirror Lake and Its Watershed.- VIII: The Aquatic Ecosystem and Air-Land-Water Interactions.- A. Direct Atmospheric Input to Lakes.- B. Fluvial Input to Lakes.- C. Effects of Disturbance on the Land-Water Linkage.- D. Atmospheric Inputs to Watersheds Affecting Inputs to Lakes.- IX: Air and Watershed Management and the Aquatic Ecosystem.- A. Developmental State of the Forested Watershed-Ecosystem.- B. Forest Harvesting.- C. Highway Construction and Maintenance.- D. Air and Water Pollution.- E. Eutrophication Trends in Mirror Lake.- References.- Index of Genera and Species.- Index of Lakes and Streams.- General Index.

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