Sheffield steel and America : a century of commercial and technological interdependence, 1830-1930

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書誌事項

Sheffield steel and America : a century of commercial and technological interdependence, 1830-1930

Geoffrey Tweedale

Cambridge University Press, 1987

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注記

Bibliography: p.263-287

Includes index

内容説明・目次

内容説明

The book provides an important contribution to the technological and commercial history of crucible and electric steelmaking by thoroughly examining its development in Sheffield and American centres such as Pittsburgh. It also discusses cutlery, saw and file manufacturing, where the Americans quickly shed Sheffield's traditional technologies and, with the help of superior marketing, established a word lead by 1900. It is also shown, however, that this did not free the US from its dependence on Sheffield steel. Sheffield's innovation in special steelmaking, which began with the Hunstman crucible process in 1742, continued with a series of brilliant 'firsts', which gave the world tool, manganese, silicon, vanadium and stainless steel alloys. Thus the US continued to draw from Sheffield know-how, even in the twentieth century - a transfer of technology that was facilitated by the foundation of Sheffield's own subsidiary firms in America, the history of which is recounted here.

目次

  • Introduction: Sheffield and the genesis of the American trade
  • Part I. Special Steel Technology: 1. The birth of the American crucible steel industry
  • 2. Science and art: Sheffield and American crucible steel technologies contrasted
  • 3. The response to a new technology: electric steelmaking
  • Part II. The Development of Special Steels: 4. The rise of alloy steels
  • 5. The evolution of high-speed steel
  • 6. Contrary to nature: the discovery of stainless steel
  • Part III. Sheffield Steelmakers and Toolmakers in America: 7. Transatlantic special steels I: the crucible steelmakers
  • 8. The rise and decline of Sheffield's high-speed trade with America, 1900-30
  • 9. Transatlantic special steels II: steel casting enterprises
  • 10. Quality pays? Sheffield and American cutlery manufacture
  • 11. Innovation and adaptation: the evidence of the sawmaking trades
  • 12. Men versus machines: the story of the file
  • 13. How Sheffield lost the American trade: aspects of the marketing of Sheffield products in America
  • Conclusion: a century of commercial and technological interdependence in steel
  • Appendix.

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