Arid land ecosystems : structure, functioning, and management

著者

書誌事項

Arid land ecosystems : structure, functioning, and management

edited by D. W. Goodall, R. A. Perry, with the assistance of K. M. W. Howes

（International biological programme, 16-17）

Cambridge University Press, 1979-1981

  • v. 1
  • v. 2

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注記

Includes bibliographies and index

内容説明・目次

巻冊次

v. 1 ISBN 9780521218429

内容説明

The history of man's use of arid lands is a sad record of deterioration of the natural resource base and of low and declining living standards for the 300 million people who live in them. One prerequisite to meeting the challenge of reversing the deterioration and of raising living standards is a sound knowledge of the natural ecosystems. It is to this end that the IBP and other relevant studies, reported in this and a succeeding volume, are addressed. The subject matter of the two volumes is organised into five major topics; two are dealt with in the first volume. The first section of volume one describes the structure of arid ecosystems in terms of climate, soils, geomorphology, hydrology, flora and fauna. All continents except South America are covered. In the second section the processes which operate within, and control, the ecosystem are dealt with individually. This comprehensive account will be of importance to university teachers and professional ecologists throughout the world.

目次

  • List of collaborators
  • Preface J. B. Cragg
  • Introduction R. A. Perry
  • Part I. Description and Structure of Arid Ecosystems W. G. McGinnies: 1. General description of desert areas W. G. McGinnies
  • 2. North America J. A. MacMahon
  • 3. North Africa H. N. Le Houerou
  • 4. Southern Africa O. A. Leistner
  • 5. Australia O. B. Williams
  • 6. South-west Asia R. N. Kaul and D. C. P. Thalen
  • 7. Central Asia L. E. Rodin
  • 8. Arid-land ecosystems - common features throughout the world W. G. McGinnies
  • Part II. Component Processes D. W. Goodall: 9. Introduction D. W. Goodall
  • 10. Diversity and niche structure E. R. Pianka
  • Part IIa. Atmospheric Processes I. R. Cowan: 11. Introduction R. D. Graetz and I. R. Cowan
  • 12. Radiation E. A. Fitzpatrick
  • 13. Precipitation F. C. Bell
  • 14. Atmospheric transport processes above arid-land vegetation M. Fuchs
  • 15. Microclimate and evaporation R. D. Graetz and I. R. Cowan
  • 16. Integration R. D. Graetz and I. R. Cowan
  • Part IIb. Soil Processes: 17. Soil processes in arid lands V. A. Kovda, E. M. Samoilova, J. L. Charley and J. J. Skujins
  • Part IIc. Plant Processes R. K. Gupta
  • 18. Introduction R. K. Gupta
  • 19. Germination and seedling behaviour F. W. Went
  • 20. Water uptake and translocation, stomatal movements and transpiration H. Meidner
  • 21. Photosynthesis, respiration and biochemical transformations E. J. DePuit
  • 22. Translocation of assimilates and creation, distribution and utilisation of reserves M. J. Trlica and J. S. Singh
  • 23. Root development and activities M. C. Drew
  • 24. Ion uptake, trasnport and excretion C. B. Osmond
  • 25. Flowering, seed formation and dispersal J. J. Mott
  • Appendix P. Chouard
  • 26. Formation, distribution and function of plant litter N. E. West
  • 27. Integration R. K. Gupta
  • Part IId. Animal Processes V. Roig and D. W. Goodall: 28. Introduction D. W. Goodall
  • 29. Food selection and consumption O. J. Reichman, I. Prakash and V. Roig
  • 30. Assimilation, respiration and production a) Invertebrates C. S. Crawford, b) Vertebrates D. R. Johnson and R. U. Schreiber
  • 31. Thermal and water relations N. F. Hadley
  • 32. Spacial and temporal distribution and behaviour W. A. Low
  • 33. Development and reproduction S. E. Reichert
  • 34. Longevity, mortality and disease G. T. Austin and M. J. O'Farrell
  • 35. Integration D. W. Goodall
  • Index.
巻冊次

v. 2 ISBN 9780521229883

内容説明

This volume was first published in 1981. The history of man's use of arid lands is a sad record of deterioration of the natural resource base and of low and declining living standards for the 300 million people who live in them. One prerequisite to meeting the challenge of reversing the deterioration and of raising living standards is a sound knowledge of the natural ecosystems.

目次

  • Part I. Composite and interactive processes: 1. Introduction F. H. Wagner
  • 2. Soil-vegetation-atmosphere interactions M. A. Ayyad
  • 3. Plant-plant interactions M. G. Barbour
  • 4. Animal-animal interactions F. H. Wagner and R. D. Graetz
  • 5. Plant-animal interactions R. D. Graetz
  • 6. Effects of biotic components on abiotic components K. E. Lee
  • 7. Population dynamics F. H. Wagner
  • 8. Primary productivity L. E. Rodin
  • 9. Production by desert animals F. B. Turner and R. M. Chew
  • Part II. Ecosystem dynamics: 10. Introduction J. A. MacMahon
  • 11. Short-term water and energy flow in arid ecosystems J. A. Ludwig and W. G. Whitford
  • 12. Nutrient cycling in desert ecosystems N. E. West
  • 13. Short-term dynamics of minerals in arid ecosystems P. Binet
  • 14. Long-term dynamics in arid-land vegetation and ecosystems of North Africa H. N. Le Houerou
  • 15. The modelling of arid ecosystem dynamics D. W. Goodall
  • 16. Spatial effects in modelling of arid ecosystems I. Noy-Meir
  • 17. Simulation of plant production in arid regions: a hierarchical approach H. van Keulen and C. T. de Wit
  • 18. Understanding arid ecosystems: the challenge I. Noy-Meir
  • Part III. Management of arid lands: 19 Introduction R. A. Perry
  • 20. Management of arid-land resources for domestic livestock forage C. M. McKell and B. E. Norton
  • 21. Management of arid-land resources for dryland and irrigated crops H. S. Mann
  • 22. Recreation and tourism in arid lands M. D. Sutton
  • 23. Management of water resources in arid lands J. L. Thames and J. N. Fischer
  • 24. Some social aspects of managing arid ecosystems M. D. Young
  • 25. Synthesis M. Evenari.

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