Gene manipulations in fungi

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Bibliographic Information

Gene manipulations in fungi

edited by J.W. Bennett, Linda L. Lasure

Academic Press, 1985

  • pbk. : alk. paper

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Based on a conference on Gene Manipulations in the Exploitation and Study of Fungi, held in South Bend, Ind., during May, 1983, sponsored by the American Society for Microbiology and Miles Laboratories

Includes bibliographies and index

Description and Table of Contents

Description

Gene Manipulations in Fungi combines a review of classical fungal genetics, contemporary research, and responsible speculation about the future. This book focuses on yeasts and molds; because yeast is the primary model system for eukaryotes and that there is an elegant research on molds. The applications of fungi, including their economic importance, are addressed. The book emphasizes the need for improved transformation systems, appropriate vectors, and broadly applicable selectable markers in this field of interest. This book will help stimulate the development of innovative approaches in this subject matter.

Table of Contents

Contributors Preface Acknowledgments I Historical Perspective: Mutants to Models 1 From Auxotropic Mutants to DNA Sequences I. The Establishment of the Paradigm: One Gene-One Polypeptide II. Cluster Genes and Gene Clusters III. Systems of Regulation of Gene Activity IV. Cloning and Sequencing References 2 Molecular Taxonomy of the Fungi I. Introduction II. Nucleic Acid Isolation and Purification III. DNA Base Composition IV. DNA Relatedness V. Mitochondrial DNA Relatedness VI. Ribosomal RNA Relatedness VII. Comparison of Relatedness from Nucleic Acid Studies with That Determined by Other Methodologies References 3 Fungal Mitochondrial Genomes I. Introduction II. Physical Organization III. Genes and the Genetic Code IV. Gene Order V. Transcription VI. Pseudogenes VII. Mitochondrial Plasmids VIII. Effects of Alteration of mtDNA IX. Nuclear-Cytoplasmic Interactions References 4 Modeling the Environment for Gene Expression I. Introduction II. Modeling Metabolism under Steady-State Conditions III. Modeling Metabolism during Product Accumulation References II Yeasts 5 Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a Paradigm for Modern Molecular Genetics of Fungi I. Introduction II. Neoclassical Genetics III. Transformation IV. Cloning a Gene V. Manipulation of a Cloned Gene VI. Other Uses of Cloned Genes VII. An Agenda for Progress References 6 Yeast Transformation I. Introduction II. Specific Transformation Systems in Yeast III. Applications IV. Conclusions References 7 Use of the LYS2 Gene for Gene Disruption, Gene Replacement, and Promoter Analysis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae I. Introduction II. Characterization of the LYS2 Gene and Its Product III. Genetic Manipulations Utilizing the LYS2 Gene IV. Conclusions and Prospectus References III Molds 8 Molecular Biology of the qa Gene Cluster of Neurospora I. Introduction II. Molecular Analysis of the qa Cluster III. Transformation of the qa Gene Cluster in Neurospora IV. Summary References 9 Neurospora Plasmids I. Introduction II. Naturally Occurring Plasmids III. Replicating Plasmids Constructed in the Laboratory IV. Overview and Prospects for the Future References 10 Cloning and Transformation in Aspergillus I. Introduction II. Transformation Methodology III. Fate of Transforming DNA after Entry IV. The Quest for Replicating Vectors V. Development of Vectors VI. Future Prospects References 11 Expression of Aspergillus Genes in Neurospora I. Transformation of Neurospora crassa II. Isolation of the Aspergillus nidulans Gene for Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase III. Transformation of the Neurospora crassa arg-12 Mutant . . IV. Control of Gene Expression V. Subcellular Localization of the Active Enzyme VI. Conclusions References 12 Gene Dosage Effects and Antibiotic Synthesis in Fungi I. Introduction II. Methods for the Amplification of Genetic Material in Microorganisms III. Studies with Disomic Strains of Aspergillus nidulans References 13 Formal Genetics and Molecular Biology of the Control of Gene Expression in Aspergillus nidulans I. Formal Genetic Methodology of Aspergillus nidulans as Applied to the Study of Control Systems II. The Metabolic Versatility of A. nidulans and Its Exploitation III. Regulatory Genes IV. Putative Receptor Sites V. The Spatial Organization of Functionally Related Genes VI. At What Level Does Regulation of Gene Expression Occur? References 14 A Cloning Strategy in Filamentous Fungi Text References IV Applications 15 Primary Metabolism and Industrial Fermentations I. Primary Metabolites II. Genetic Approaches to the Production of Primary Metabolites III. Organic Acids IV. Amino Acids V. Polysaccharides VI. Lipids VII. Nucleotides and Nucleic Acid-Related Compounds VIII. Vitamins IX. Polyols X. Ethanol XI. The Promise of Biotechnology References 16 Mitochondrial DNA for Gene Cloning in Eukaryotes I. Introduction II. Fungal Plasmids III. Cloning Vectors of Mitochondrial Origin IV. Biotechnological Implications References 17 Molecular Bases of Fungal Pathogenicity to Plants I. Introduction II. Infection Structures III. Cutinase IV. Pisatin Demethylase V. Toxins VI. Cloning and Analysis of Pathologically Important Genes from Fungi References 18 Morphogenesis and Dimorphism of Mucor I. Introduction II. Dimorphism of Mucor III. Molecular Analysis of Mucor IV. Perspectives-Molecular Genetics References 19 Toward Gene Manipulations with Selected Human Fungal Pathogens I. Introduction II. Cryptococcus neoformans III. Histoplasma capsulatum IV. Wangiella dermatitidis V. Candida albicans VI. Concluding Remarks References 20 Fungal Carbohydrases: Amylases and Cellulases I. Introduction II. Fungal Amylases III. Fungal Cellulases IV. Summary and Outlook References V Postscript 21 Prospects for a Molecular Mycology I. Introduction II. A Primer in Mycology III. Molecular Mycology References Appendixes I Fungal Taxonomy I. Introduction II. Outline of Fungal Taxonomy References II Conventions for Gene Symbols I. Aspergillus nidulans II. Neurospora crassa III. Saccharomyces cerevisiae IV. Other Fungi References Index

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