Spot pricing of electricity
著者
書誌事項
Spot pricing of electricity
(The Kluwer international series in engineering and computer science, Power electronics & power systems)
Kluwer Academic, c1988
大学図書館所蔵 全12件
  青森
  岩手
  宮城
  秋田
  山形
  福島
  茨城
  栃木
  群馬
  埼玉
  千葉
  東京
  神奈川
  新潟
  富山
  石川
  福井
  山梨
  長野
  岐阜
  静岡
  愛知
  三重
  滋賀
  京都
  大阪
  兵庫
  奈良
  和歌山
  鳥取
  島根
  岡山
  広島
  山口
  徳島
  香川
  愛媛
  高知
  福岡
  佐賀
  長崎
  熊本
  大分
  宮崎
  鹿児島
  沖縄
  韓国
  中国
  タイ
  イギリス
  ドイツ
  スイス
  フランス
  ベルギー
  オランダ
  スウェーデン
  ノルウェー
  アメリカ
注記
Bibliography: p. 255-266
Includes index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
There is a need for fundamental changes in the ways society views electric energy. Electric energy must be treated as a commodity which can be bought, sold, and traded, taking into account its time-and space-varying values and costs. This book presents a complete framework for the establishment of such an energy marketplace. The framework is based on the use of spot prices. In general terms: o An hourly spot price (in dollars per kilowatt hour) reflects the operating and capital costs of generating, transmitting and distributing electric energy. It varies each hour and from place to place. o The spot price based energy marketplace involves a variety of utility-customer transactions (ranging from hourly varying prices to long-term, multiple-year contracts), all of which are based in a consistent manner on hourly spot prices. These transactions may include customers selling to, as well as buying from, the utility. The basic theory and practical implementation issues associated with a spot price based energy marketplace have been developed and discussed through a number of different reports, theses, and papers. Each addresses only a part of the total picture, and often with a somewhat different notation and terminology (which has evolved in parallel with our growing experience). This book was xvii xviii Preface written to serve as a single, integrated sourcebook on the theory and imple mentation of a spot price based energy marketplace.
目次
1 Overview.- 1.1 Goal of Book.- 1.2 Three Steps to an Energy Marketplace.- 1.3 How Will Customers Respond?.- 1.4 Energy Marketplace Operation: A Developed Country.- 1.5 Energy Marketplace Operation: A Developing Country.- 1.6 Discussion of Chapter 1.- Supplement to Chapter 1: Summary of Issues.- Historical Notes and References: Chapter 1.- Notes.- I: The Energy Marketplace.- Preface to Part I: The Energy Marketplace.- 2 Behavior of Hourly Spot Prices.- 2.1 Definition of Hourly Spot Price.- 2.2 Components of Hourly Spot Prices.- 2.3 Operating Cost Components.- 2.4 Quality of Supply Components.- 2.5 Aggregated Network.- 2.6 Revenue Reconciliation Components.- 2.7 Buy-Back Rates.- 2.8 Expected Price Trajectories.- 2.9 Price Duration Curves.- 2.10 Customer Response.- 2.11 Discusion of Chapter 2.- Historical Notes and References: Chapter 2.- Notes.- 3 Energy Marketplace Transactions.- 3.1 Criteria for Choice of Transactions.- 3.2 Customer Classes.- 3.3 Price-Only Transactions.- 3.4 Price-Quantity Transactions.- 3.5 Long-Term Contracts.- 3.6 Optional and Custom-Tailored Transactions.- 3.7 Why No Demand Charge?.- 3.8 Relationship to Present-Day Transactions.- 3.9 Customer-Owned Generation: Avoided Costs.- 3.10 Special Customer Treatment.- 3.11 Wheeling Rates.- 3.12 Discussion of Chapter 3.- Historical Notes and References: Chapter 3.- Notes.- 4 Implementation.- 4.1 Energy Marketplace: Operation.- 4.2 Energy Marketplace: Planning.- 4.3 Customer: Operation.- 4.4 Customer: Planning.- 4.5 Calculation of Hourly Spot Prices.- 4.6 Utility: Operation.- 4.7 Utility: Planning.- 4.8 Regulatory Commission: Operation and Planning.- 4.9 Discussion of Chapter 4.- Historical Notes and References: Chapter 4.- Notes.- 5 A Possible Future: Deregulation.- 5.1 A Deregulated Energy Marketplace.- 5.2 Short-Term Operation and Control.- 5.3 Long-Term Operation and Planning.- 5.4 A Scenario.- 5.5 Discussion of Chapter 5.- Historical Notes and References: Chapter 5.- Notes.- II: Theory of Hourly Spot Prices.- 6 Generation Only.- 6.1 Generation Fuel and Variable Maintenace: ?(t).- 6.2 Generation Quality of Supply, ?QS(t): Cost Function Approach.- 6.3 Generation Quality of Supply, ?QS(t): Market Clearing Approach.- 6.4 Generation Self-Dispatch.- 6.5 Multiple Time Periods.- 6.6 Discussion of Chapter 6.- Historical Notes and References: Chapter 6.- Notes.- 7 Generation and Network.- 7.1 Problem Formulation: Real Power Only.- 7.2 General Result.- 7.3 Network Loss: ?L,k(t).- 7.4 Network Maintenance: ?M,k(t).- 7.5 Network Quality of Supply: ?QS,k(t).- 7.6 Two-Bus Example.- 7.7 Price Difference Across a Line.- 7.8 Customer-Owned Generation: Self-Dispatch.- 7.9 Aggregated Networks.- 7.10 Reactive Energy and Voltage Magnitudes.- 7.11 Discussion of Chapter 7.- Historical Notes and References: Chapter 7.- Notes.- 8 Revenue Reconciliation.- 8.1 Modify Spot Prices: Aggregate Reconciliation.- 8.2 Buy-Back Rate.- 8.3 Surcharge-Refund.- 8.4 Revolving Fund.- 8.5 Modify Spot Prices: Decomposed Reconciliation.- 8.6 Fixed Charges.- 8.7 Nonlinear Pricing.- 8.8 Revenue Neutrality.- 8.9 Discussion of Chapter 8.- Historical Notes and References: Chapter 8.- Notes.- 9 Spot Price Based Rates.- 9.1 Predetermined Price-Only Transactions.- 9.2 Price-Quantity Transactions.- 9.3 Long-Term Contracts.- 9.4 Special Customer Contracts.- 9.5 Wheeling Rates.- 9.6 Discussion of Chapter 9.- Historical Notes and References: Chapter 9.- Notes.- 10 Optimal Investment Conditions.- 10.1 Overall Problem Formulation.- 10.2 Generator Investment Conditions.- 10.3 Customer Investment Conditions.- 10.4 Transmission Investment Conditions.- 10.5 Revenue Reconciliation for Optimum Systems.- 10.6 Long-Run Versus Short-Run Marginal Cost Pricing.- 10.7 Discussion of Chapter 10.- Historical Notes and References: Chapter 10.- Notes.- References.- Annotated Bibliography.- Appendices.- A Power System Analysis and Control.- A.1 Network Flows.- A.2 Local Controllers.- A.3 Mathematical Models for System Dynamics.- A.4 Power System Dynamics.- Further Reading.- Notes.- B Power System Operation.- B.1 Short-Term Load Forecasting.- B.2 System Economics.- B.3 System Security.- B.4 Automatic Generation Control (AGC).- B.5 Interconnected Systems.- Further Reading.- Notes.- C Power System Planning.- C.1 Multiple Attribute Decision Making Under Uncertainty.- C.2 Long Range Load Forecasting Models.- C.3 Production Cost Models.- C.4 Financial Models.- C.5 Generation Expansion Programs.- C.6 Network Expansion Programs.- C.7 Feedback Couplings.- Further Reading.- Notes.- D DC Load Flow.- D.1 General Relationships.- D.2 A Potpourri of Results.- D.3 Three-Bus Example.- Notes.- E Customer Response Model Structures.- E.1 Single Period.- E.2 Multiple Period.- Notes.- F FAPER.- F.1 Basic Concepts.- F.2 FAPER Designs.- F.3 Variations on the Basic Concept.- F.4 Analysis of Multiple FAPER Response.- F.5 Incentives to Install FAPERS.- F.6 Discussion.- G Expected Behavior of Spot Prices.- G.1 Introduction.- G.2 24-Hour Trajectories.- G.3 Price Duration Curves.- G.4 Impact of Customer Response on Variable Energy Costs.- H Interchange of Derivative and Expectation Operators.
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