Philosophy and archaeology
著者
書誌事項
Philosophy and archaeology
(Studies in archaeology)
Academic Press, 1982
大学図書館所蔵 全17件
  青森
  岩手
  宮城
  秋田
  山形
  福島
  茨城
  栃木
  群馬
  埼玉
  千葉
  東京
  神奈川
  新潟
  富山
  石川
  福井
  山梨
  長野
  岐阜
  静岡
  愛知
  三重
  滋賀
  京都
  大阪
  兵庫
  奈良
  和歌山
  鳥取
  島根
  岡山
  広島
  山口
  徳島
  香川
  愛媛
  高知
  福岡
  佐賀
  長崎
  熊本
  大分
  宮崎
  鹿児島
  沖縄
  韓国
  中国
  タイ
  イギリス
  ドイツ
  スイス
  フランス
  ベルギー
  オランダ
  スウェーデン
  ノルウェー
  アメリカ
注記
Bibliography: p. 183-193
Includes indexes
内容説明・目次
内容説明
Studies in Archaeology: Philosophy and Archaeology presents the circumstances under which archeological hypotheses can be considered confirmed or disconfirmed. This book discusses the role of analogy in archeological reasoning, particularly in ascribing functions to archeological items. Organized into seven chapters, this book begins with an overview of the relationship between archeology and philosophy. This text then examines the importance of laws for archeology and discusses some essential features of law statements. Other chapters consider the strong claims for the hypothetico-deductive method of confirmation in various works by archeologists. This book discusses as well the different uses of analogical reasoning in archeology and provides a discussion of the structure of analogical arguments, criteria for evaluating them, and their relations to the Bayesian arguments for confirmation. The final chapter deals with several issues related to the development of a theory of archeology. This book is a valuable resource for archeologists and philosophers.
目次
Preface
Acknowledgments
One. Introduction
Two. Laws in Archaeology
Introduction and Examples
Some Features of Laws: Generality and Truth
Determinism and Statistical Laws
Methodological Determinism
Differences Between Laws of Physics and Laws of the Biological and Behavioral Sciences
Are There Any Laws of Archaeology?
The Importance of Laws for Archaeology
Are There Any Nontrivial Laws of Archaeology?
An Attempt to Employ Laws in an Archaeological Explanation
Conclusion
Three. Confirmation in Archaeology
Introduction
The Logic of Confirmation
The Hypothetico-Deductive Method
Relative Confirmation and Absolute Confirmation
Inadequacy of the H-D Method as a Model of Confirmation in Archaeology
Prior Probabilities
An Alternative Pattern for Confirmation
Bayes' Method
Alternative Hypotheses
Conclusion
Four. Analogy and Functional Ascription
Introduction
Form and Function
Context
Analysis and Evaluation of Arguments from Analogy
An Attempt to Provide a General Method for Ascribing Functions
Criticism of the Attempt
Ethnoarchaeology and Analogy
Conclusion
Five. Functional Explanation
Introduction and Examples of Functional Explanations
Functional Explanations Versus Functionalist Theories of Anthropology
The Consistency of Functional Explanations with Scientists' Understanding of Causality
Some Connections Between Functional Explanations and Systems
Models of the Phenomena and Models, or Patterns, of Explanation
Difficulties in Fitting Functional Explanations with Some Standard Models of Scientific Explanation
Some Inadequacies in the Standard Philosophical Models, or Patterns, of Scientific Explanation
An Attempt to Preserve Causal Features in Functional Explanations
An Attempt to Preserve Structure and Causality
Conclusion
Six. Structure of Archaeological Explanation
Introduction
Explaining the Character of a Faunal Assemblage
Structure of the Explanation
Deductive-Statistical Explanation-Explaining Regularities
Explaining the Occurrence of a Pattern
Problems with the High Probability Requirement
Causal Relevance and Statistical Relevance
Probabilistic Causes
Common Causes
Conclusion
Seven. Theory Building in Archaeology
Introduction
The Definitional Approach
Operational Definition
Systematics
Formal Theories
Mathematical Modeling
Constructing Theories by Borrowing
General Assumptions, Common-Sense Hypotheses, Induction, and Theories
Conclusion
Concluding Remarks
Bibliography
Author Index
Subject Index
「Nielsen BookData」 より