Mechanisms of invasion and metastasis
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Bibliographic Information
Mechanisms of invasion and metastasis
CRC Press, c1991
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Includes bibliographical references and index
Description and Table of Contents
Description
This book covers important biological, immunological, and molecular information essential for understanding the rationale and results of experiments and clinical observations on cell-cell and cell substrate adhesion; hydrolytic activities, cell motility; immunological and other host elements of the host-tumor ecosystem (at different sites of the metastic process); genetic and epigenetic elements of the acquisition and the expression of invasive phenotypes. 38 tables and 60 computer-drawn figures provide comprehensive overviews, and a methodological chapter emphasizing the differences and similarities between assays and their relevance for natural situations has also been included. Clinical and experimental cancer researchers, as well as as post-graduate students interested in cancer research, will find this book to be an indispensable reference resource.
Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION. CLINICAL ASPECTS OF INVASION AND METASTASIS. MALIGNANCY-RELATED PHENOTYPES. A Model for Analysis. Criteria for Phenotyping. Combinations of Phenotypes. TRANSITIONS BETWEEN PHENOTYPES: FIELD AND PROGRESSION THEORIES OF TUMOR DEVELOPMENT. PATTERNS OF METASTASIS. Anatomical Considerations. Late Metastases. Metastasis or Second Primary. FACTORS INFLUENCING INVASION AND METASTASIS. Factors Related to the Tumor-Host Ecosystem. Environmental Factors. Therapeutics. INVASION AND METASTASIS: DETERMINANTS OF TUMOR MALIGNANCY. SUMMARY. BIOASSAYS FOR INVASION AND METASTASIS. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS. IN VITRO BIOASSAYS FOR INVASION AND METASTASIS. Organ Culture. Tissue Explants. Reconstituted Tissues. Cell Cultures. Matrices. Tissue Extracts. IN VIVO ASSAYS FOR INVASION. Subcutaneous Inoculation. Intraperitoneal Injections. Inoculations at Particular Sites. Injections into the Vasculature. IN VIVO ASSAYS FOR METASTASIS. Discrimination Between M Phenotypes. Current Models for Mspo and Mexp Assays. Scores for the M Phenotype. Relevance of the Assays. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS. CELLULAR ACTIVITIES IMPLICATED IN INVASION AND METASTASIS. CELL-CELL ATTACHMENT AS AN ELEMENT OF MALIGNANCY. Structure and Occurrence of Cell-Cell Adhesion Molecules. Normal Role of Cell-Cell Adhesion Molecules. Role of Cell-Cell Adhesion Molecules in Malignancy. Role of Intercellular Junctional Communication in Malignancy. CELL-SUBSTRATE INTERACTIONS AS ELEMENTS OF MALIGNANCY. Extracellular Matrix (ECM): A Multifunctional Network Implicated in Malignancy. Integrins: Major Receptors for ECM Components. Collagens and Elastin: ECM Skeletons and Scaffolds. Fibronectin, Some Other Integrin Ligands, and Their Receptors. Tenascin/Cytotactin. Laminin. Glycosaminoglycans and Proteoglycans. HYDROLASE ACTIVITIES AS ELEMENTS OF MALIGNANCY. Are Hydrolases Implicated in Invasion and Metastasis? Overview of Tumor-Associated Hydrolases. Serine Proteases and Malignancy. Cathepsins and Malignancy. Metalloproteases and Malignancy. Glycosidases and Malignancy. Synergism Between Hydrolases and Hydrolases Cascades. Additional Activities of Hydrolases Implicated in Malignancy. MOTILITY AND MIGRATION AS ELEMENTS OF MALIGNANCY. Notions of Motility and Migration. Is Motility Implicated in Invasion and Metastasis? Motility-Modulating Factors Possibly Implicated in Malignancy. EVALUATION AND SUMMARY. CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE HOST TO INVASION AND METASTASIS. HOST-TUMOR INTERACTIONS AT THE PRIMARY SITE. Tumor-Associated Leukocytes: Origin and Regulation of Accumulation. Tumor-Associated Leukocytes: Accumulation and Activation During Neoplastic Development. Tumor-Host Components as Elements of Malignancy. HOST-TUMOR INTERACTIONS IN THE CIRCULATION. Role of Host Components in Tumor Cell Arrest and Lodgement. Role of Host Components in Tumor Cell Extravasation. HOST-TUMOR INTERACTIONS AT SECONDARY SITES. Host-Mediated Control of the Im Phenotype. Host-Mediated Control of the Gm Phenotype. TUMOR CELL ACQUISITION OF INVASIVE AND METASTATIC PHENOTYPES. CONCEPTS AND MECHANISMS FOR ACQUISITION OF I AND M PHENOTYPES. Questions About Acquisition of I and M Phenotypes. Tumor Heterogeneities Including Those for I/M Phenotypes. Generation of Tumor Cells Endowed With the I+/M+ Phenotypes. REGULATORY GENES FOR INVASION AND METASTASIS. Overview of Oncogenes and Anti-Oncogenes. Role of Oncogenes in Experimental Malignancy. Specific Regulatory Genes for Invasion and Metastasis. PLEIOTROPIC EFFECTS AS ELEMENTS OF INVASION AND METASTASIS. Oncogene Effects: A Role in Malignancy? Pleiotropic TGF-b Effects: A Role in Malignancy? Pleiotropic Effects by Glycosylation: A Role in Malignancy? Summary and Concluding Remarks. IMMUNOLOGICAL CONTROL OF METASTASES. INTRODUCTION. SPECIFIC LYMPHOID IMMUNE EFFECTOR CELLS. Specific Antitumor Immunity: Requirements for Activation. Immune Escape from Specific Effector Cells. Specific Antitumor Immunotherapy. ASPECIFIC LYMPHOCYTE EFFECTOR CELLS. Characteristics and Potential Antimetastatic Activity. Role of Effector Cells in the Immunoprophylaxis of Metastasis. Role of Effector Cells in the Immunotherapy of Metastases. Activity of Effector Cells in Tumor Bearing Hosts. MYELOID IMMUNE EFFECTOR CELLS. Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes. Mononuclear Phagocytes. CONCLUDING REMARKS. MOLECULAR ASPECTS OF INVASION AND METASTASIS IN HUMAN TUMORS: TOOLS FOR PROGNOSIS? CELL-CELL ADHESION MOLECULES. The CADS Family: Cadherins. CAMs of the Immunoglobulin Superfamily (Ig-CAMs). THE EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX. Components of the Basement Membrane. Laminin and Fibronectin Receptors. Components of the Stroma. Concluding Remarks. HYDROLASES. Hydrolases and Tumor Development. Hydrolases, Hydrolase Inhibitors, and Tumor Grade. Hydrolases and Tumor Stage. Hydrolases, Metastasis and Prognosis. MOTILITY FACTORS. GROWTH FACTORS AND THEIR RECEPTORS. ACQUISITION OF INVASION AND METASTASIS. DNA-Ploidy. Oncogene Activation in Human Tumors. Tumor Suppressor Genes. A UNIFYING CONCEPT OF INVASION AND METASTASIS. Index.
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