MR imaging of the skull and brain : a correlative text-atlas
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Bibliographic Information
MR imaging of the skull and brain : a correlative text-atlas
Springer-Verlag, c1992
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Note
Includes bibliographical references and index
Description and Table of Contents
Description
Subject of the book is MR imaging in all kinds of diseases that may affect the skull and brain. Primary purpose of the book is to provide the reader with a descriptive as well as pictorial overview of MRI in the various pathologic processes. An important additional purpose is to explain how to make the best use of MRI if a particular disease is suspected. Extensive information on differential diagnosis will also be included.
Table of Contents
Chapter1 Fundamental Physics and Chemistry.- (W. Loeffler).- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance.- Relaxation.- Image Formation.- Pulse Sequences and Image Contrast.- Gradient Echo Sequences.- Steady State Sequences.- Spin Echo Sequences.- Inversion Recovery Sequences.- Instrumentation.- Magnet System.- Gradient System.- RF Electronics.- RF Coils.- Computer System, Display System, and Software.- Potential Hazards.- Image Artifacts.- Chemical Shift Misregistration.- Edge Ringing (Truncation Artifact).- Aliasing (Wrap-Around Artifact).- Metal Artifacts.- Magnetic Susceptibility.- Gradient Nonlinearity and Magnet Inhomogeneity.- Motion and Flow Artifacts.- Flow Imaging and MR Angiography.- Phase-Sensitive Methods.- Inflow-Enhancement Methods.- Contrast Agents (H.-J. Weinmann, H. Gries, U. Speck).- Mechanism of Contrast Enhancement.- Types of Contrast Agents.- Gd-DTPA/Dimeglumine.- References.- Chapter2 Principles of Examination and Interpretation.- Safety Considerations.- Patient Preparation and Monitoring.- Examination Techniques.- General Objectives.- Standard (Spin Echo) Pulse Sequences.- Special Pulse Sequences.- Imaging Protocols.- Imaging Strategies.- Image Analysis and Interpretation.- References.- Chapter3 Normal Anatomy.- Brain and Skull Maturation.- General Features of the Adult Brain.- Normal Aging of the Brain (with assistance of S.A. Mirowitz).- Cerebral Hemispheres.- Deep and Midline Cerebral Structures.- Brainstem and Cerebellum.- Cranial Nerves and Sellar Region.- Cerebral Blood Vessels and Meninges.- Orbit and Cranium.- References.- Chapter4 Developmental Anomalies.- Gross Morphology.- Differentiation of Gray and White Matter and Myelination.- Neoplastic Degeneration.- Other Structural Abnormalities.- Functional Anatomy.- Associated Extracranial Anomalies.- Disorders of Dorsal Induction.- Encephaloceles.- Chiari I and II Malformations.- Syringohydromyelia and Syringobulbia.- Disorders of Ventral Induction.- Holoprosencephaly.- Neuroepithelial Cysts.- Dandy-Walker Malformation.- Disorders of Gray and White Matter Formation.- Anomalies of Neuronal Proliferation and Migration.- Dysgenesis of the Corpus Callosum.- Anomalous Myelination.- Neurocutaneous Syndromes.- Neurofibromatosis.- Tuberous Sclerosis.- Von Hippel-Lindau Disease.- Sturge-Weber Disease.- Ataxia-Telangiectasia Syndrome.- Hydrocephalus.- Noncommunicating Hydrocephalus.- Communicating Hydrocephalus.- Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus.- Other Developmental Disorders.- Porencephalic and Arachnoid Cysts.- Ectopia of Posterior Pituitary Lobe.- Ocular Anomalies.- Malformations of the Skull and Craniovertebral Junction.- References.- Chapter5 Mechanical Trauma.- Hemorrhage.- Edema.- Other Structural Abnormalities.- Functional Anatomy.- Craniocerebral Trauma.- Epidural Hematoma.- Subdural Hematoma.- Cerebral Injuries.- Skull Injuries.- Facial Trauma.- References.- Chapter6 Tumors and Related Conditions.- Edema.- Cyst Formation.- Calcification and Bone Involvement.- Hemorrhage.- Other Structural Changes.- Blood-Brain Barrier Abnormalities.- Prediction of Tumor Type.- Stereotaxy and Radiation Therapy.- Postoperative Changes and Tumor Recurrence.- Supratentorial Tumors.- Glial and Neuronal Tumors.- Ependymal and Choroid Plexus Tumors.- Lymphoma and Sarcoma.- Pineal Gland Tumors.- Meningioma.- Malformative Tumors.- Metastases.- Other Supratentorial Tumors.- Infratentorial Tumors.- Brainstem Glioma.- Astrocytoma of the Cerebellum.- Medulloblastoma.- Ependymal and Choroid Plexus Tumors.- Hemangioblastoma.- Neurinoma.- Meningioma.- Malformative Tumors.- Metastases.- Other Infratentorial Tumors.- Tumors of the Sellar Region and Base of Skull.- Pituitary Adenoma.- Craniopharyngioma.- Meningioma.- Optic and Hypothalamic Glioma.- Germinoma.- Malformative Tumors.- Chordoma and Chondroma.- Paraganglioma.- Metastases and Miscellaneous Tumors of the Sellar Region and Base of Skull.- Orbital Tumors.- Tumors of the Globe.- Tumors of the Optic Nerve and Sheath.- Vasculogenic Tumors.- Lymphoma and Metastases.- Other Orbital Tumors.- Tumor-Simulating Processes.- References.- Chapter7 Vascular Diseases.- Edema.- Hemorrhage.- Other Structural Changes.- Blood-Brain Barrier Abnormalities.- Blood Flow Phenomena.- Functional Anatomy.- Ischemic Insults.- Cerebral Infarction.- Subcortical Arteriosclerotic Encephalopathy.- Periventricular Leukoencephalopathy.- Hemorrhagic Insults.- Hypertensive Intracerebral Hemorrhage.- Hemorrhagic Cerebral Infarction.- Other Intracerebral Hemorrhages.- Angiodysplasias.- Aneurysm and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.- Vascular Malformations.- Other Vascular Disorders.- Vasculitis.- Moyamoya Phenomenon.- Spontaneous Arterial Dissection.- Arteriovenous Fistula.- Sinovenous Thrombosis.- References.- Chapter8 Infections and Inflammations.- Edema.- Blood-Brain Barrier Abnormalities and Other Vascular Alterations.- Necrosis.- Other Structural Changes.- Functional Anatomy.- Pyogenic Bacterial Infections.- Epidural Abscess.- Subdural Empyema.- Brain Abscess.- Acute Bacterial Meningitis and Ependymitis.- Nonpyogenic Bacterial Infections.- Tuberculosis.- Sarcoidosis.- Other Nonpyogenic Infections.- Viral Infections.- Herpes Simplex Encephalitis.- Other Acute Viral Infections.- Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy.- Other Subacute Encephalitides.- Fungal Infections.- Parasitic Infections.- Cysticercosis.- Other Parasitic Infections.- Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome.- AIDS Dementia Complex.- Opportunistic Infections and Other Complications.- Infections and Inflammations of the Head and Neck.- Paranasal Sinus Disease.- Cholesterol Granulomas of the Temporal Bone.- Inflammatory Cranial Nerve Syndromes.- Rheumatoid Arthritis of the Craniovertebral Junction.- References.- Chapter9 Demyelinating and Degenerative Diseases.- Demyelination and Dysmyelination.- Iron Deposition.- Atrophy.- Other Structural Changes.- Functional Anatomy.- Demyelinating Diseases.- Multiple Sclerosis.- Immune-Mediated Encephalomyelitis.- Marchiafava-Bignami Disease.- Central Pontine Myelinolysis.- Leukodystrophies.- Adrenoleukodystrophy.- Metachromatic Leukodystrophy.- Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease.- Canavan-van Bogaert Disease.- Alexander Disease.- Krabbe Disease.- Mucopolysaccharidoses.- Degenerative Disorders with Deep Gray Matter Involvement.- Huntington Disease.- Wilson Disease.- Parkinson Disease.- Heterogeneous Systems Degenerations.- Hallervorden-Spatz Disease.- Leigh Disease.- Aminoacidopathies.- Idiopathic Movement Disorders.- Basal Ganglia Necrosis and Calcification.- Cerebral, Cerebellar, and Brainstem Atrophies.- Alzheimer Disease or Senile Dementia of the Alzheimer Type.- Pick Disease.- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.- Menkes Disease.- Cushing Disease and Steroids.- Spinocerebellar Degeneration.- Other Causes of Cerebellar Degeneration.- References.- Chapter10 Miscellaneous Conditions.- Seizure Disorders.- Neurobehavioral Disorders.- Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension.- Effects of Radiation and Chemotherapy.- Bone Diseases of the Skull.- References.
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