The functional morphology of the human endometrium and decidua
著者
書誌事項
The functional morphology of the human endometrium and decidua
（Advances in anatomy, embryology and cell biology, v. 124）
Springer-Verlag, c1992
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注記
Includes bibliographical references (p. 88-97) and index
内容説明・目次
内容説明
1. 1 Historical Perspective In the nineteenth century, knowledge of the events leading to ovulation, fertilization, and implantation was very limited, so much so that Seiler (1832), in his book The Uterus and the Human Egg, wrote: ". . . in the left ovary the first signs of fertilization, namely a Graaf vesicle could be seen. The right ovary shows proof of a second successful copulation: a fresh scar from the ovulated egg and the beginning of a corpus luteum. " In fact all nineteenth century authors strictly divide the female cycle into two phases: the menstrual period and the intermenstruum (ct. Hitschmann and Adler 1908). The generally accepted histology of the endometrium in those days was that of the late proliferative phase. Deviations from this were considered to be pathological (Von Ebner 1902). As Gebhard (1899) expressly put it: "As a rule, it can be said that in the mature woman the endometrial glands run straight; an irregular course of the glands is to be regarded as pathological. " The same author describes the changes occurring during the secretory phase of the cycle as "endometritis glandularis" which he believed to arise from a local nutritional disturbance. The uterine stroma was believed to be lymphoid (Toldt 1877), and the uterine glands were compared to the crypts of Lieberkiihn (Von Ebner 1902).
目次
1 Introduction.- 1.1 Historical Perspective.- 1.2 Hormone Action on the Endometrium.- 1.3 Ultrastructural Features of the Endometrium.- 1.3.1 Proliferative Phase.- 1.3.1.1 General Aspects.- 1.3.1.2 Glandular Epithelium.- 1.3.1.3 Stroma.- 1.3.2 Secretory Phase.- 1.3.2.1 Glandular Epithelium.- 1.3.2.1.1 General Aspects.- 1.3.2.1.2 Nucleolar Channel System.- 1.3.2.1.3 Giant Mitochondria.- 1.3.2.1.4 Glycogen.- 1.3.2.2 Stroma.- 1.3.2.2.1 Predecidual Cells.- 1.3.2.2.2 Endometrial Granulocytes (K Cells).- 1.4 The Action of IUDs on the Endometrium.- 1.4.1 General Considerations.- 1.4.2 Mode of Action.- 1.5 Decidua.- 1.5.1 Historical Perspective.- 1.5.2 Ultrastructural Features of the Decidua.- 1.6 Ectopic Endometrium and Ectopic Decidua.- 1.6.1 Ectopic Decidualized Tissue.- 1.6.2 Ectopic Endometrium.- 1.7 Basis for This.- 2 Material and Methods.- 2.1 Material.- 2.2 Light Microscopy.- 2.3 Transmission Electron Microscopy.- 2.4 Scanning Electron Microscopy.- 2.5 Three-Dimensional Reconstruction.- 2.6 Histochemistry.- 2.7 Morphometry.- 3 Results.- 3.1 Physiological Postovulatory Endometrium: Glandular Epithelium.- 3.1.1 The Nucleolar Channel System.- 3.1.1.1 Problems with Three-Dimensional Reconstruction.- 3.1.1.2 The Reconstructed NCS.- 3.1.1.3 The NCS on Sections.- 3.1.1.3.1 Formation of the NCS.- 3.1.1.3.2 The Mature NCS.- 3.1.1.3.3 Ultimate Fate of the NCS.- 3.1.2 Giant Mitochondria.- 3.1.2.1 Problems of Reconstruction.- 3.1.2.2 Three-Dimensional Structure.- 3.1.2.3 General Morphology.- 3.1.2.4 Ultimate Fate.- 3.1.3 Glycogen in Glandular Epithelial Cells.- 3.1.3.1 Initial Stage of Glycogen Formation: Polysomes.- 3.1.3.2 Glycogen Discharge.- 3.2 Physiological Postovulatory Endometrium: Stromal Elements.- 3.2.1 Endometrial Granulocytes (K Cells).- 3.2.1.1 General Characteristics.- 3.2.1.2 Subcellular Organization.- 3.2.1.2.1 The Nucleus.- 3.2.1.2.2 Glycogen.- 3.2.1.2.3 ER, Golgi, Mitochondria.- 3.2.1.2.4 Secretory Granules.- 3.2.2 Origin of K Cells.- 3.2.3 K Cells Under a Progesterone IUD.- 3.2.4 K Cells During Pregnancy.- 3.2.5 Ultimate Fate of K Cells.- 3.3 The Endometrium Under a Progesterone-Releasing IUD.- 3.3.1 General Aspects.- 3.3.2 Usage up to 3 Months: Stroma in Direct Contact with the IUD.- 3.3.3 Usage up to 3 Months: Stroma not in Contact with the IUD.- 3.3.4 Usage up to 12 Months: Stroma in Direct Contact with the IUD.- 3.3.5 Usage up to 12 Months: Stroma not in Contact with the IUD.- 3.3.6 Usage for over 1 Year.- 3.3.7 Glandular and Surface Epithelium.- 3.4 The Endometrium Under a Copper IUD.- 3.4.1 The Surface Epithelium (SEM).- 3.4.2 The Stroma and the Glandular Epithelium (TEM).- 3.4.3 The Decidua Under a Copper IUD.- 3.5 The Decidua of Pregnancy.- 3.5.1 General Aspects.- 3.5.2 Decidua Basalis.- 3.5.3 Decidua Parietalis.- 3.5.4 Decidua Capsularis.- 3.6 Morphometry of Decidual Cells.- 3.6.1 Decidua of Pregnancy.- 3.6.2 Progesterone IUD-Induced Decidua.- 3.7 Decidua of Ectopic Pregnancy.- 3.8 Secretory Granules of Decidual Cells.- 3.9 BL of Decidual Cells.- 4 Discussion.- 4.1 The Nucleolar Channel System.- 4.2 Giant Mitochondria.- 4.3 Glycogen in Glandular Epithelial Cells.- 4.4 Decidualization.- 4.5 Endometrial Granulocytes (K Cells).- 4.6 Prolactin from Decidua.- 4.7 Desquamation.- 4.8 The Endometrium Under IUDs.- 4.9 Conclusions.- 5 Summary.- References.
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